zmqpublishnotifier.cpp

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// Copyright (c) 2015-present The Bitcoin Core developers
// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

#include <zmq/zmqpublishnotifier.h>

#include <chain.h>
#include <crypto/common.h>
#include <logging.h>
#include <netaddress.h>
#include <netbase.h>
#include <primitives/transaction.h>
#include <serialize.h>
#include <streams.h>
#include <uint256.h>
#include <util/check.h>
#include <zmq/zmqutil.h>

#include <zmq.h>

#include <cstdarg>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstring>
#include <map>
#include <optional>
#include <span>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

static std::multimap<std::string, CZMQAbstractPublishNotifier*> mapPublishNotifiers;

static const char *MSG_HASHBLOCK = "hashblock";
static const char *MSG_HASHTX    = "hashtx";
static const char *MSG_RAWBLOCK  = "rawblock";
static const char *MSG_RAWTX     = "rawtx";
static const char *MSG_SEQUENCE  = "sequence";

// Internal function to send multipart message
static int zmq_send_multipart(void *sock, const void* data, size_t size, ...)
{
    va_list args;
    va_start(args, size);

    while (1)
    {
        zmq_msg_t msg;

        int rc = zmq_msg_init_size(&msg, size);
        if (rc != 0)
        {
            zmqError("Unable to initialize ZMQ msg");
            va_end(args);
            return -1;
        }

        void *buf = zmq_msg_data(&msg);
        memcpy(buf, data, size);

        data = va_arg(args, const void*);

        rc = zmq_msg_send(&msg, sock, data ? ZMQ_SNDMORE : 0);
        if (rc == -1)
        {
            zmqError("Unable to send ZMQ msg");
            zmq_msg_close(&msg);
            va_end(args);
            return -1;
        }

        zmq_msg_close(&msg);

        if (!data)
            break;

        size = va_arg(args, size_t);
    }
    va_end(args);
    return 0;
}

static bool IsZMQAddressIPV6(const std::string &zmq_address)
{
    const std::string tcp_prefix = "tcp://";
    const size_t tcp_index = zmq_address.rfind(tcp_prefix);
    const size_t colon_index = zmq_address.rfind(':');
    if (tcp_index == 0 && colon_index != std::string::npos) {
        const std::string ip = zmq_address.substr(tcp_prefix.length(), colon_index - tcp_prefix.length());
        const std::optional<CNetAddr> addr{LookupHost(ip, false)};
        if (addr.has_value() && addr.value().IsIPv6()) return true;
    }
    return false;
}

bool CZMQAbstractPublishNotifier::Initialize(void *pcontext)
{
    assert(!psocket);

    // check if address is being used by other publish notifier
    std::multimap<std::string, CZMQAbstractPublishNotifier*>::iterator i = mapPublishNotifiers.find(address);

    if (i==mapPublishNotifiers.end())
    {
        psocket = zmq_socket(pcontext, ZMQ_PUB);
        if (!psocket)
        {
            zmqError("Failed to create socket");
            return false;
        }

        LogDebug(BCLog::ZMQ, "Outbound message high water mark for %s at %s is %d\n", type, address, outbound_message_high_water_mark);

        int rc = zmq_setsockopt(psocket, ZMQ_SNDHWM, &outbound_message_high_water_mark, sizeof(outbound_message_high_water_mark));
        if (rc != 0)
        {
            zmqError("Failed to set outbound message high water mark");
            zmq_close(psocket);
            return false;
        }

        const int so_keepalive_option {1};
        rc = zmq_setsockopt(psocket, ZMQ_TCP_KEEPALIVE, &so_keepalive_option, sizeof(so_keepalive_option));
        if (rc != 0) {
            zmqError("Failed to set SO_KEEPALIVE");
            zmq_close(psocket);
            return false;
        }

        // On some systems (e.g. OpenBSD) the ZMQ_IPV6 must not be enabled, if the address to bind isn't IPv6
        const int enable_ipv6 { IsZMQAddressIPV6(address) ? 1 : 0};
        rc = zmq_setsockopt(psocket, ZMQ_IPV6, &enable_ipv6, sizeof(enable_ipv6));
        if (rc != 0) {
            zmqError("Failed to set ZMQ_IPV6");
            zmq_close(psocket);
            return false;
        }

        rc = zmq_bind(psocket, address.c_str());
        if (rc != 0)
        {
            zmqError("Failed to bind address");
            zmq_close(psocket);
            return false;
        }

        // register this notifier for the address, so it can be reused for other publish notifier
        mapPublishNotifiers.insert(std::make_pair(address, this));
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        LogDebug(BCLog::ZMQ, "Reusing socket for address %s\n", address);
        LogDebug(BCLog::ZMQ, "Outbound message high water mark for %s at %s is %d\n", type, address, outbound_message_high_water_mark);

        psocket = i->second->psocket;
        mapPublishNotifiers.insert(std::make_pair(address, this));

        return true;
    }
}

void CZMQAbstractPublishNotifier::Shutdown()
{
    // Early return if Initialize was not called
    if (!psocket) return;

    int count = mapPublishNotifiers.count(address);

    // remove this notifier from the list of publishers using this address
    typedef std::multimap<std::string, CZMQAbstractPublishNotifier*>::iterator iterator;
    std::pair<iterator, iterator> iterpair = mapPublishNotifiers.equal_range(address);

    for (iterator it = iterpair.first; it != iterpair.second; ++it)
    {
        if (it->second==this)
        {
            mapPublishNotifiers.erase(it);
            break;
        }
    }

    if (count == 1)
    {
        LogDebug(BCLog::ZMQ, "Close socket at address %s\n", address);
        int linger = 0;
        zmq_setsockopt(psocket, ZMQ_LINGER, &linger, sizeof(linger));
        zmq_close(psocket);
    }

    psocket = nullptr;
}

bool CZMQAbstractPublishNotifier::SendZmqMessage(const char *command, const void* data, size_t size)
{
    assert(psocket);

    /* send three parts, command & data & a LE 4byte sequence number */
    unsigned char msgseq[sizeof(uint32_t)];
    WriteLE32(msgseq, nSequence);
    int rc = zmq_send_multipart(psocket, command, strlen(command), data, size, msgseq, (size_t)sizeof(uint32_t), nullptr);
    if (rc == -1)
        return false;

    /* increment memory only sequence number after sending */
    nSequence++;

    return true;
}

bool CZMQPublishHashBlockNotifier::NotifyBlock(const CBlockIndex *pindex)
{
    uint256 hash = pindex->GetBlockHash();
    LogDebug(BCLog::ZMQ, "Publish hashblock %s to %s\n", hash.GetHex(), this->address);
    uint8_t data[32];
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
        data[31 - i] = hash.begin()[i];
    }
    return SendZmqMessage(MSG_HASHBLOCK, data, 32);
}

bool CZMQPublishHashTransactionNotifier::NotifyTransaction(const CTransaction &transaction)
{
    uint256 hash = transaction.GetHash().ToUint256();
    LogDebug(BCLog::ZMQ, "Publish hashtx %s to %s\n", hash.GetHex(), this->address);
    uint8_t data[32];
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
        data[31 - i] = hash.begin()[i];
    }
    return SendZmqMessage(MSG_HASHTX, data, 32);
}

bool CZMQPublishRawBlockNotifier::NotifyBlock(const CBlockIndex *pindex)
{
    LogDebug(BCLog::ZMQ, "Publish rawblock %s to %s\n", pindex->GetBlockHash().GetHex(), this->address);

    std::vector<std::byte> block{};
    if (!m_get_block_by_index(block, *pindex)) {
        zmqError("Can't read block from disk");
        return false;
    }

    return SendZmqMessage(MSG_RAWBLOCK, block.data(), block.size());
}

bool CZMQPublishRawTransactionNotifier::NotifyTransaction(const CTransaction &transaction)
{
    uint256 hash = transaction.GetHash().ToUint256();
    LogDebug(BCLog::ZMQ, "Publish rawtx %s to %s\n", hash.GetHex(), this->address);
    DataStream ss;
    ss << TX_WITH_WITNESS(transaction);
    return SendZmqMessage(MSG_RAWTX, &(*ss.begin()), ss.size());
}

// Helper function to send a 'sequence' topic message with the following structure:
//    <32-byte hash> | <1-byte label> | <8-byte LE sequence> (optional)
static bool SendSequenceMsg(CZMQAbstractPublishNotifier& notifier, uint256 hash, char label, std::optional<uint64_t> sequence = {})
{
    unsigned char data[sizeof(hash) + sizeof(label) + sizeof(uint64_t)];
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < sizeof(hash); ++i) {
        data[sizeof(hash) - 1 - i] = hash.begin()[i];
    }
    data[sizeof(hash)] = label;
    if (sequence) WriteLE64(data + sizeof(hash) + sizeof(label), *sequence);
    return notifier.SendZmqMessage(MSG_SEQUENCE, data, sequence ? sizeof(data) : sizeof(hash) + sizeof(label));
}

bool CZMQPublishSequenceNotifier::NotifyBlockConnect(const CBlockIndex *pindex)
{
    uint256 hash = pindex->GetBlockHash();
    LogDebug(BCLog::ZMQ, "Publish sequence block connect %s to %s\n", hash.GetHex(), this->address);
    return SendSequenceMsg(*this, hash, /* Block (C)onnect */ 'C');
}

bool CZMQPublishSequenceNotifier::NotifyBlockDisconnect(const CBlockIndex *pindex)
{
    uint256 hash = pindex->GetBlockHash();
    LogDebug(BCLog::ZMQ, "Publish sequence block disconnect %s to %s\n", hash.GetHex(), this->address);
    return SendSequenceMsg(*this, hash, /* Block (D)isconnect */ 'D');
}

bool CZMQPublishSequenceNotifier::NotifyTransactionAcceptance(const CTransaction &transaction, uint64_t mempool_sequence)
{
    uint256 hash = transaction.GetHash().ToUint256();
    LogDebug(BCLog::ZMQ, "Publish hashtx mempool acceptance %s to %s\n", hash.GetHex(), this->address);
    return SendSequenceMsg(*this, hash, /* Mempool (A)cceptance */ 'A', mempool_sequence);
}

bool CZMQPublishSequenceNotifier::NotifyTransactionRemoval(const CTransaction &transaction, uint64_t mempool_sequence)
{
    uint256 hash = transaction.GetHash().ToUint256();
    LogDebug(BCLog::ZMQ, "Publish hashtx mempool removal %s to %s\n", hash.GetHex(), this->address);
    return SendSequenceMsg(*this, hash, /* Mempool (R)emoval */ 'R', mempool_sequence);
}