Artist Reference File
----------------------

mbId: 65f4f0c5-ef9e-490c-aee3-909e7ae6b2ab
allMusicId: mn0000446509
name: Metallica
biography:
    Metallica is an American heavy metal band. The band was formed in 1981 in Los An
    geles by vocalist and guitarist James Hetfield and drummer Lars Ulrich, and has 
    been based in San Francisco for most of its career. The band's fast tempos, inst
    rumentals, and aggressive musicianship made them one of the founding "big four" 
    bands of thrash metal, alongside Megadeth, Anthrax, and Slayer. Metallica's curr
    ent lineup comprises founding members and primary songwriters Hetfield and Ulric
    h, longtime lead guitarist Kirk Hammett, and bassist Robert Trujillo. Guitarist 
    Dave Mustaine, who formed Megadeth after being fired from Metallica, and bassist
    s Ron McGovney, Cliff Burton, and Jason Newsted are former members of the band. 
    
Metallica first found commercial success with the release of its third album, M
    aster of Puppets (1986), which is cited as one of the heaviest metal albums and 
    the band's best work. The band's next album, ...And Justice for All (1988), gave
     Metallica its first Grammy Award nomination. Its fifth album, Metallica (1991),
     was a turning point for the band that saw them transition from their thrash roo
    ts; it appealed to a more mainstream audience, achieving substantial commercial 
    success and selling more than 16 million copies in the United States to date, ma
    king it the best-selling album of the SoundScan era. After experimenting with di
    fferent genres and directions in subsequent releases, Metallica returned to its 
    thrash metal roots with its ninth album, Death Magnetic (2008), which drew simil
    ar praise to that of the band's earlier albums. The band's 11th and most recent 
    album, 72 Seasons, was released in 2023. 
In 2000, Metallica led the case agains
    t the peer-to-peer file sharing service Napster, in which the band and several o
    ther artists filed lawsuits against the service for sharing their copyright-prot
    ected material without consent, eventually reaching a settlement. Metallica was 
    the subject of the acclaimed 2004 documentary film Metallica: Some Kind of Monst
    er, which documented the troubled production of the band's eighth album, St. Ang
    er (2003), and the internal struggles within the band at the time. In 2009, Meta
    llica was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The band co-wrote the sc
    reenplay for and starred alongside Dane DeHaan in the 2013 concert film Metallic
    a: Through the Never, in which the band performed live against a fictional thril
    ler storyline. 
Metallica has released eleven studio albums, four live albums (i
    ncluding two performances with the San Francisco Symphony), twelve video albums,
     one cover album, two extended plays, thirty-seven singles and thirty-nine music
     videos. The band has won nine Grammy Awards from twenty-three nominations, and 
    had six consecutive studio albums (from Metallica through Hardwired... to Self-D
    estruct (2016)) debut at number one on the Billboard 200. Metallica ranks as one
     of the most commercially successful bands of all time, having sold more than 12
    5 million albums worldwide as of 2018. Metallica has been listed as one of the g
    reatest artists of all time by magazines such as Rolling Stone, which ranked the
     band in 61st place on its list of 100 greatest artists of all time. As of 2017,
     Metallica is the third-best-selling music artist since Nielsen SoundScan began 
    tracking sales in 1991, selling 58 million albums in the United States.
discography: (N>100)
  - title: Live Metal Up Your Ass / No Life 'Til Leather
    year: 1982
  - title: Live Metal Up Your Ass
    year: 1982
  - title: No Life 'Til Leather
    year: 1982
  - title: Kill 'Em All
    year: 1983
  - title: Jump In The Fire
    year: 1983
  - title: Creeping Death
    year: 1984
  - title: Ride The Lightning
    year: 1984
  - title: For Whom The Bell Tolls
    year: 1984
  - title: Whiplash
    year: 1984
  - title: Fade To Black
    year: 1985
  - title: Master Of Puppets
    year: 1986
  - title: Master Of Puppets
    year: 1986
  - title: Creeping Death / Jump In The Fire
    year: 1987
  - title: The $5.98 E.P. - Garage Days Re-Revisited
    year: 1987
  - title: $19.98 Home Vid Cliff 'Em All!
    year: 1987
  - title: Harvester Of Sorrow / Barbablù
    year: 1988
  - title: 2 Of One
    year: 1988
  - title: Eye Of The Beholder
    year: 1988
  - title: Harvester Of Sorrow
    year: 1988
  - title: ...And Justice For All
    year: 1988
  - title: Mandatory Metallica
    year: 1988
  - title: One
    year: 1988
  - title: Whiplash
    year: 1989
  - title: One / More Than You Know
    year: 1989
  - title: One
    year: 1989
  - title: ...And Justice For All
    year: 1989
  - title: The Good The Bad & The Live: The 6½ Year Anniversary 12" Collection
    year: 1990
  - title: Stone Cold Crazy
    year: 1990
  - title: Enter Sandman / Calling Elvis
    year: 1991
  - title: Shining Star / The Unforgiven
    year: 1991
  - title: Creeping Death / Jump In The Fire / Garage Days
    year: 1991
  - title: Enter Sandman
    year: 1991
  - title: Metallica
    year: 1991
  - title: Nothing Else Matters
    year: 1991
  - title: The Unforgiven
    year: 1991
  - title: Nothing Else Matters / Non Me La Danno Mai
    year: 1992
  - title: Virgin Megastore Box Set
    year: 1992
  - title: Nothing Else Matters / Remedy
    year: 1992
  - title: A Year And A Half In The Life Of ... Continued (Part 2)
    year: 1992
  - title: For Those About To Rock: Monsters In Moscow
    year: 1992
  - title: Metallica 1
    year: 1992
  - title: Metallica 2
    year: 1992
  - title: A Year And A Half In The Life Of... Part 1 And Part 2
    year: 1992
  - title: Nothing Else Matters (Live At Wembley Stadium London April 20th 1992)
    year: 1992
  - title: Sad But True
    year: 1992
  - title: Wherever I May Roam
    year: 1992
  - title: A Year And A Half In The Life Of... Part 1
    year: 1992
  - title: Metallistore 1/21/93
    year: 1993
  - title: Enter Sandman / One
    year: 1993
  - title: Don't Tread On Me
    year: 1993
  - title: Metallica "Live" Video Press Kit 1993
    year: 1993
  - title: One / Eye Of The Beholder
    year: 1993
  - title: Live Shit: Binge & Purge
    year: 1993
  - title: 15 Pieces Of Live Shit: Binge & Purge
    year: 1993
  - title: Woodstock '94
    year: 1994
  - title: Until It Sleeps / Cannibals
    year: 1996
  - title: Promo Rádio Cidade
    year: 1996
  - title: Interview Picture Disc And Fully Illustrated Book
    year: 1996
  - title: Pro-1
    year: 1996
  - title: Fan Can 1
    year: 1996
  - title: Load
    year: 1996
  - title: Mandatory
    year: 1996
  - title: Load The Interview
    year: 1996
  - title: Hero Of The Day
    year: 1996
  - title: Mama Said
    year: 1996
  - title: Until It Sleeps
    year: 1996
  - title: Bleeding Me
    year: 1997
  - title: Reload The Interview
    year: 1997
  - title: Ain't My Bitch
    year: 1997
  - title: Reload / Load
    year: 1997
  - title: Classic Concert
    year: 1997
  - title: Recovery / MCM Interviews Oct 3 97
    year: 1997
  - title: Fuel
    year: 1997
  - title: King Nothing
    year: 1997
  - title: Reload
    year: 1997
  - title: Fan Can #2
    year: 1997
  - title: Mandatory 2
    year: 1997
  - title: THE HTZ-FM Interview 
    year: 1997
  - title: The Memory Remains
    year: 1997
  - title: The Unforgiven II
    year: 1997
  - title: In The Studio "Metallica (Black Album)"
    year: 1998
  - title: CD Interview
    year: 1998
  - title: Poor Touring Me
    year: 1998
  - title: Fuel / Calle Luna, Calle Sol
    year: 1998
  - title: Last Caress
    year: 1998
  - title: Byte The Lightning
    year: 1998
  - title: Garage Inc.
    year: 1998
  - title: Cunning Stunts
    year: 1998
  - title: Fan Can #3
    year: 1998
  - title: Live In London (Antipodean Tour Edition)
    year: 1998
  - title: Garage Inc, The Interview
    year: 1998
  - title: Better Than You
    year: 1998
  - title: Turn The Page
    year: 1998
  - title: Whiskey In The Jar
    year: 1998
  - title: S&M Documentary
    year: 1999
  - title: Did Die My Darling / I Finally Found My Way
    year: 1999
  - title: "S & M" Concert Special
    year: 1999
  - title: S & M Documentary
    year: 1999
  - title:  "S & M"  - Interview
    year: 1999
  - title: In The Studio "Load / Reload"
    year: 1999
genres: (N=1)
  - Pop/Rock
styles: (N<6)
  - Heavy Metal
  - Speed/Thrash Metal
  - Hard Rock
moods: (N>30)
  - Aggressive
  - Angry
  - Bitter
  - Fierce
  - Menacing
  - ... and >20 more
yearsActive: 1980s - 2020s
formed: 1981 in Los Angeles, CA
born: 
died: 
disbanded: 
extraFanarts: (N=0)
