megaco

megaco

megaco
Main API of the Megaco application

Interface module for the Megaco application

The type is used when a functions return is to be ignored.

This type is a basic (atom) lookup key (for info on an active connection). The corresponding value can be of any type.

control_pid

The process identifier of the controlling process for a connection.

Value type: pid()

send_handle

Opaque send handle whose contents is internal for the send module.

Value type: send_handle()

local_mid

The local mid (of the connection, i.e. the own mid).

Value type: mid()

remote_mid

The remote mid (of the connection).

Value type: mid()

receive_handle

Construct a megaco_receive_handle record.

Value type: receive_handle()

trans_id

Next transaction id.

Note that transaction id's are (currently) maintained on a per user basis so there is no way to be sure that the value returned will actually be used for a transaction sent on this connection (in case a user has several connections, which is not at all unlikely).

Value type: transaction_id() | undefined_serial

max_trans_id

Last transaction id.

Value type: transaction_id() | infinity

request_timer

Wait for reply.

The timer is cancelled when a reply is received.

When a pending message is received, the timer is cancelled and the long_request_timer is started instead (see below). No resends will be performed from this point (since we now know that the other side has received the request).

When the timer reaches an intermediate expire, the request is resent and the timer is restarted.

When the timer reaches the final expire, either the function megaco:call will return with {error, timeout} or the callback function handle_trans_reply will be called with UserReply = {error, timeout} (if megaco:cast was used).

Value type: megaco_timer()

Defaults to #megaco_incr_timer{}.

long_request_timer

Wait for reply after having received a pending message.

When the timer reaches an intermediate expire, the timer restarted.

When a pending message is received, and the long_request_timer is not "on its final leg", the timer will be restarted, and, if long_request_resend = true, the request will be re-sent.

Value type: megaco_timer()

Defaults to 60 seconds.

request_keep_alive_timeout

Specifies the timeout time for the request-keep-alive timer.

This timer is started when the first reply to an asynchronous request (issued using the megaco:cast/3 function) arrives. As long as this timer is running, replies will be delivered via the handle_trans_reply/4,5 callback function, with their "arrival number" (see UserReply of the handle_trans_reply/4,5 callback function).

Replies arriving after the timer has expired, will be delivered using the handle_unexpected_trans/3,4 callback function.

Value type: plain | non_neg_integer()

Defaults to plain.

long_request_resend

This option indicates weather the request should be resent until the reply is received, even though a pending message has been received.

Normally, after a pending message has been received, the request is not resent (since a pending message is an indication that the request has been received). But since the reply (to the request) can be lost, this behaviour has its values.

It is of course pointless to set this value to true unless the long_request_timer (see above) is also set to an incremental timer (#megaco_incr_timer{}).

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to false.

reply_timer

Wait for an ack.

When a request is received, some info related to the reply is store internally (e.g. the binary of the reply). This info will live until either an ack is received or this timer expires. For instance, if the same request is received again (e.g. a request with the same transaction id), the (stored) reply will be (re-) sent automatically by megaco.

If the timer is of type #megaco_incr_timer{}, then for each intermediate timout, the reply will be resent (this is valid until the ack is received or the timer expires).

Value type: megaco_timer()

Defaults to 30000.

call_proxy_gc_timeout

Timeout time for the call proxy.

When a request is sent using the call/3 function, a proxy process is started to handle all replies. When the reply has been received and delivered to the user, the proxy process continue to exist for as long as this option specifies. Any received messages, is passed on to the user via the handle_unexpected_trans callback function.

The timeout time is in milliseconds. A value of 0 (zero) means that the proxy process will exit directly after the reply has been delivered.

Value type: non_neg_integer()

Defaults to 5000 (= 5 seconds).

auto_ack

Automatic send transaction ack when the transaction reply has been received (see trans_ack below).

This is used for three-way-handshake.

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to false.

trans_ack

Shall ack's be accumulated or not.

This property is only valid if auto_ack is true.

If auto_ack is true, then if trans_ack is false, ack's will be sent immediately. If trans_ack is true, then ack's will instead be sent to the transaction sender process for accumulation and later sending (see trans_ack_maxcount, trans_req_maxcount, trans_req_maxsize, trans_ack_maxcount and trans_timer).

See also transaction sender for more info.

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to false.

trans_ack_maxcount

Maximum number of accumulated ack's. At most this many ack's will be accumulated by the transaction sender (if started and configured to accumulate ack's).

See also transaction sender for more info.

Value type: non_neg_integer()

Defaults to 10.

trans_req

Shall requests be accumulated or not.

If trans_req is false, then request(s) will be sent immediately (in its own message).

If trans_req is true, then request(s) will instead be sent to the transaction sender process for accumulation and later sending (see trans_ack_maxcount, trans_req_maxcount, trans_req_maxsize, trans_ack_maxcount and trans_timer).

See also transaction sender for more info.

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to false.

trans_req_maxcount

Maximum number of accumulated requests. At most this many requests will be accumulated by the transaction sender (if started and configured to accumulate requests).

See also transaction sender for more info.

Value type: non_neg_integer()

Defaults to 10.

trans_req_maxsize

Maximum size of the accumulated requests. At most this much requests will be accumulated by the transaction sender (if started and configured to accumulate requests).

See also transaction sender for more info.

Value type: non_neg_integer()

Defaults to 2048.

trans_timer

Transaction sender timeout time. Has two functions. First, if the value is 0, then transactions will not be accumulated (e.g. the transaction sender process will not be started). Second, if the value is greater then 0 and auto_ack and trans_ack is true or if trans_req is true, then transaction sender will be started and transactions (which is depending on the values of auto_ack, trans_ack and trans_req) will be accumulated, for later sending.

See also transaction sender for more info.

Value type: non_neg_integer()

Defaults to 0.

pending_timer

Automatic send transaction pending if the timer expires before a transaction reply has been sent. This timer is also called provisional response timer.

Value type: megaco_timer()

Defaults to 30000 (= 30 seconds).

sent_pending_limit

Sent pending limit (see the MGOriginatedPendingLimit and the MGCOriginatedPendingLimit of the megaco root package). This parameter specifies how many pending messages that can be sent (for a given received transaction request). When the limit is exceeded, the transaction is aborted (see handle_trans_request_abort) and an error message is sent to the other side.

Note that this has no effect on the actual sending of pending transactions. This is either implicit (e.g. when receiving a re-sent transaction request for a request which is being processed) or controlled by the pending_timer, see above.

Value type: pos_integer() | infinity

Defaults to infinity.

recv_pending_limit

Receive pending limit (see the MGOriginatedPendingLimit and the MGCOriginatedPendingLimit of the megaco root package). This parameter specifies how many pending messages that can be received (for a sent transaction request). When the limit is exceeded, the transaction is considered lost, and an error returned to the user (through the call-back function handle_trans_reply).

Value type: pos_integer() | infinity

Defaults to infinity.

send_mod

Send callback module which exports send_message/2. The function SendMod:send_message(SendHandle, Binary) is invoked when the bytes needs to be transmitted to the remote user.

Value type: module().

Defaults to megaco_tcp.

encoding_mod

Encoding callback module which exports encode_message/2 and decode_message/2. The function EncodingMod:encode_message(EncodingConfig, MegacoMessage) is invoked whenever a 'MegacoMessage' record needs to be translated into an Erlang binary. The function EncodingMod:decode_message(EncodingConfig, Binary) is invoked whenever an Erlang binary needs to be translated into a 'MegacoMessage' record.

Value type: module().

Defaults to megaco_pretty_text_encoder.

encoding_config

Encoding module config.

Value type: loist().

Defaults to [].

protocol_version

Actual protocol version.

Value type: protocol_version()

Defaults to 1.

strict_version

Strict version control, i.e. when a message is received, verify that the version is that which was negotiated.

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to true.

reply_data

Default reply data.

Value type: term()

Defaults to undefined.

threaded

If a received message contains several transaction requests, this option indicates whether the requests should be handled sequentially in the same process (false), or if each request should be handled by its own process (true i.e. a separate process is spawned for each request).

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to false.

resend_indication

This option indicates weather the transport module should be told if a message send is a resend or not.

If false, megaco messages are sent using the send_message/2 function.

If true, megaco message re-sends are made using the resend_message function. The initial message send is still done using the send_message function.

The special value flag instead indicates that the function send_message/3 shall be used.

Value type: flag | boolean()

Defaults to false.

segment_reply_ind

This option specifies if the user shall be notified of received segment replies or not.

See handle_segment_reply callback function for more information.

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to false.

segment_recv_timer

This timer is started when the segment indicated by the segmentation complete token (e.g. the last of the segment which makes up the reply) is received, but all segments has not yet been received.

When the timer finally expires, a "megaco segments not received" (459) error message is sent to the other side and the user is notified with a segment timeout UserReply in either the handle_trans_reply callback function or the return value of the call function.

Value type: megaco_timer()

Defaults to 10000 (= 10 seconds).

segment_send

Shall outgoing messages be segmented or not.

Value type: none | pos_integer() | infinity

none

Do not segment outgoing reply messages. This is useful when either it is known that messages are never to large or that the transport protocol can handle such things on its own (e.g. TCP or SCTP).

pos_integer()

Outgoing reply messages will be segmented as needed (see max_pdu_size below). This value, K, indicate the outstanding window, i.e. how many segments can be outstanding (not acknowledged) at any given time.

infinity

Outgoing reply messages will be segmented as needed (see max_pdu_size below). Segment messages are sent all at once (i.e. no acknowledgement awaited before sending the next segment).

Defaults to none.

max_pdu_size

Max message size. If the encoded message (PDU) exceeds this size, the message should be segmented, and then encoded.

Value type: infinity | pos_integer()

Defaults to infinity.

Opaque send handle whose contents is internal for the send module. May be any term.

How much trace events should be produced. min (=0) means no trace events are produced, which is the default.

The trace data passed to the trace handler fun (in the second argument) and returned by same. For instance this could be a file descriptor, that the trace handler fun can use to print the event to a file.

connections

Lists all active connections for this user. Returns a list of megaco_conn_handle records.

Value type: [conn_handle()]

receive_handle

Construct a receive_handle from user config.

Value type: receive_handle()

trans_id

Current transaction id.

Value type: transaction_id() | undefined_serial

min_trans_id

First transaction id.

Value type: transaction_id()

Defaults to 1.

max_trans_id

Last transaction id.

Value type: transaction_id() | infinity

Defaults to infinity.

request_timer

Wait for reply.

The timer is cancelled when a reply is received.

When a pending message is received, the timer is cancelled and the long_request_timer is started instead (see below). No resends will be performed from this point (since we now know that the other side has received the request).

When the timer reaches an intermediate expire, the request is resent and the timer is restarted.

When the timer reaches the final expire, either the function megaco:call will return with {error, timeout} or the callback function handle_trans_reply will be called with UserReply = {error, timeout} (if megaco:cast was used).

Value type: megaco_timer()

Defaults to #megaco_incr_timer{}.

long_request_timer

Wait for reply after having received a pending message.

When the timer reaches an intermediate expire, the timer is restarted.

When a pending message is received, and the long_request_timer is not "on its final leg", the timer will be restarted, and, if long_request_resend = true, the request will be re-sent.

Value type: megaco_timer()

Defaults to 60000 (= 60 seconds).

long_request_resend

This option indicates weather the request should be resent until the reply is received, even though a pending message has been received.

Normally, after a pending message has been received, the request is not resent (since a pending message is an indication that the request has been received). But since the reply (to the request) can be lost, this behaviour has its values.

It is of course pointless to set this value to true unless the long_request_timer (see above) is also set to an incremental timer (#megaco_incr_timer{}).

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to false.

reply_timer

Wait for an ack.

When a request is received, some info related to the reply is store internally (e.g. the binary of the reply). This info will live until either an ack is received or this timer expires. For instance, if the same request is received again (e.g. a request with the same transaction id), the (stored) reply will be (re-) sent automatically by megaco.

If the timer is of type #megaco_incr_timer{}, then for each intermediate timout, the reply will be resent (this is valid until the ack is received or the timer expires).

Value type: megaco_timer()

Defaults to 30 seconds.

request_keep_alive_timeout

Specifies the timeout time for the request-keep-alive timer.

This timer is started when the first reply to an asynchronous request (issued using the megaco:cast/3 function) arrives. As long as this timer is running, replies will be delivered via the handle_trans_reply/4,5 callback function, with their "arrival number" (see UserReply of the handle_trans_reply/4,5 callback function).

Replies arriving after the timer has expired, will be delivered using the handle_unexpected_trans/3,4 callback function.

Value type: plain | non_neg_integer()

Defaults to plain.

call_proxy_gc_timeout

Timeout time for the call proxy.

When a request is sent using the call/3 function, a proxy process is started to handle all replies. When the reply has been received and delivered to the user, the proxy process continue to exist for as long as this option specifies. Any received messages, is passed on to the user via the handle_unexpected_trans callback function.

The timeout time is in milliseconds. A value of 0 (zero) means that the proxy process will exit directly after the reply has been delivered.

Value type: pos_integer()

Defaults to 5000 (= 5 seconds).

auto_ack

Automatic send transaction ack when the transaction reply has been received (see trans_ack below).

This is used for three-way-handshake.

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to false.

trans_ack

Shall ack's be accumulated or not.

This property is only valid if auto_ack is true.

If auto_ack is true, then if trans_ack is false, ack's will be sent immediately. If trans_ack is true, then ack's will instead be sent to the transaction sender process for accumulation and later sending (see trans_ack_maxcount, trans_req_maxcount, trans_req_maxsize, trans_ack_maxcount and trans_timer).

See also transaction sender for more info.

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to false.

trans_ack_maxcount

Maximum number of accumulated ack's. At most this many ack's will be accumulated by the transaction sender (if started and configured to accumulate ack's).

See also transaction sender for more info.

Value type: integer()

Defaults to 10.

trans_req

Shall requests be accumulated or not.

If trans_req is false, then request(s) will be sent immediately (in its own message).

If trans_req is true, then request(s) will instead be sent to the transaction sender process for accumulation and later sending (see trans_ack_maxcount, trans_req_maxcount, trans_req_maxsize, trans_ack_maxcount and trans_timer).

See also transaction sender for more info.

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to false.

trans_req_maxcount

Maximum number of accumulated requests. At most this many requests will be accumulated by the transaction sender (if started and configured to accumulate requests).

See also transaction sender for more info.

Value type: integer()

Defaults to 10.

trans_req_maxsize

Maximum size of the accumulated requests. At most this much requests will be accumulated by the transaction sender (if started and configured to accumulate requests).

See also transaction sender for more info.

Value type: integer()

Defaults to 2048.

trans_timer

Transaction sender timeout time. Has two functions. First, if the value is 0, then transactions will not be accumulated (e.g. the transaction sender process will not be started). Second, if the value is greater then 0 and auto_ack and trans_ack are both true or if trans_req is true, then transaction sender will be started and transactions (which is depending on the values of auto_ack, trans_ack and trans_req) will be accumulated, for later sending.

See also transaction sender for more info.

Value type: integer()

Defaults to 0.

pending_timer

Automatically send pending if the timer expires before a transaction reply has been sent. This timer is also called provisional response timer.

Value type: megaco_timer()

Defaults to 30000.

sent_pending_limit

Sent pending limit (see the MGOriginatedPendingLimit and the MGCOriginatedPendingLimit of the megaco root package). This parameter specifies how many pending messages that can be sent (for a given received transaction request). When the limit is exceeded, the transaction is aborted (see handle_trans_request_abort) and an error message is sent to the other side.

Note that this has no effect on the actual sending of pending transactions. This is either implicit (e.g. when receiving a re-sent transaction request for a request which is being processed) or controlled by the pending_timer, see above.

Value type: infinity | pos_integer()

Defaults to infinity.

recv_pending_limit

Receive pending limit (see the MGOriginatedPendingLimit and the MGCOriginatedPendingLimit of the megaco root package). This parameter specifies how many pending messages that can be received (for a sent transaction request). When the limit is exceeded, the transaction is considered lost, and an error returned to the user (through the call-back function handle_trans_reply).

Value type: infinity | pos_integer()

Defaults to infinity.

send_mod

Send callback module which exports send_message/2. The function SendMod:send_message(SendHandle, Binary) is invoked when the bytes needs to be transmitted to the remote user.

Value type: module()

Defaults to megaco_tcp.

encoding_mod

Encoding callback module which exports encode_message/2 and decode_message/2. The function EncodingMod:encode_message(EncodingConfig, MegacoMessage) is invoked whenever a 'MegacoMessage' record needs to be translated into an Erlang binary. The function EncodingMod:decode_message(EncodingConfig, Binary) is invoked whenever an Erlang binary needs to be translated into a 'MegacoMessage' record.

Value type: module()

Defaults to megaco_pretty_text_encoder.

encoding_config

Encoding module config.

Value type: list()

Defaults to [].

protocol_version

Actual protocol version.

Value type: protocol_version()

Defaults to 1.

strict_version

Strict version control, i.e. when a message is received, verify that the version is that which was negotiated.

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to true.

reply_data

Default reply data.

Value type: term()

Defaults to undefined.

user_mod

Name of the user callback module. See the the reference manual for megaco_user for more info.

Value type: module()

Has no default value since its an mandatory config option.

user_args

List of extra arguments to the user callback functions. See the the reference manual for megaco_user for more info.

Value type: list()

threaded

If a received message contains several transaction requests, this option indicates whether the requests should be handled sequentially in the same process (false), or if each request should be handled by its own process (true i.e. a separate process is spawned for each request).

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to false.

resend_indication

This option indicates weather the transport module should be told if a message send is a resend or not.

If false, megaco messages are sent using the send_message function.

If true, megaco message re-sends are made using the resend_message function. The initial message send is still done using the send_message function.

The special value flag instead indicates that the function send_message/3 shall be used.

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to false.

segment_reply_ind

This option specifies if the user shall be notified of received segment replies or not.

See handle_segment_reply callback function for more information.

Value type: boolean()

Defaults to false.

segment_recv_timer

This timer is started when the segment indicated by the segmentation complete token is received, but all segments has not yet been received.

When the timer finally expires, a "megaco segments not received" (459) error message is sent to the other side and the user is notified with a segment timeout UserReply in either the handle_trans_reply callback function or the return value of the call function.

Value type: megaco_timer()

Defaults to 10000.

segment_send

Shall outgoing messages be segmented or not.

Value type: none | pos_integer() | infinity

none

Do not segment outgoing reply messages. This is useful when either it is known that messages are never to large or that the transport protocol can handle such things on its own (e.g. TCP or SCTP).

pos_integer()

Outgoing reply messages will be segmented as needed (see max_pdu_size below). This value, K, indicate the outstanding window, i.e. how many segments can be outstanding (not acknowledged) at any given time.

infinity

Outgoing reply messages will be segmented as needed (see max_pdu_size below). Segment messages are sent all at once (i.e. no acknowledgement awaited before sending the next segment).

Defaults to none.

max_pdu_size

Max message size. If the encoded message (PDU) exceeds this size, the message should be segmented, and then encoded.

Value type: infinity | pos_integer()

Defaults to infinity.

text_config

The text encoding config.

Value type: term()

connections

Lists all active connections. Returns a list of megaco_conn_handle records.

Value type: [conn_handle()]

users

Lists all active users.

Value type: [mid()]

n_active_requests

Returns number of requests that has originated from this Erlang node and still are active (and therefore consumes system resources).

Value type: non_neg_integer()

n_active_replies

Returns the number of replies that has originated from this Erlang node and still are active (and therefore consumes system resources).

Value type: non_neg_integer()

n_active_connections

Returns the number of active connections.

Value type: non_neg_integer()

reply_counters

Returns a list of the reply counters.

Value type: [{conn_handle(), transaction_id(), non_neg_integer()}]

pending_counters

Returns a list of the receive and sent pending counters.

Value type: [{recv | sent, [{transaction_id(), non_neg_integer()}]}]

Types

Reason = term()

Starts the Megaco application

Users may either explicitly be registered with megaco:start_user/2 and/or be statically configured by setting the application environment variable 'users' to a list of {UserMid, Config} tuples. See the function megaco:start_user/2 for details.

Types

Reason = term()

Types

Reason = term()

Stops the Megaco application

Types

UserMid = mid()
Config = [{Item, Value}]
Item = user_info_item()
Value = Reason = term()

Initial configuration of a user

Requires the megaco application to be started. A user is either a Media Gateway (MG) or a Media Gateway Controller (MGC). One Erlang node may host many users.

A user is identified by its UserMid, which must be a legal Megaco MID.

Config is a list of {Item, Value} tuples. See megaco:user_info/2 about which items and values that are valid.

Types

UserMid = mid()
Reason = term()

Delete the configuration of a user

Requires that the user does not have any active connection.

Types

UserMid = mid()
Item = user_info_item()
Value = term()

Lookup user information

Types

UserMid = mid()
Conn = conn_handle()
TransId = transaction_id()

Lookup user information about currently active requests.

Types

UserMid = mid()
Conn = conn_handle()
TransId = transaction_id()
ReplyState = prepare | eval_request | waiting_for_ack | aborted
Handler = undefined | pid()

Lookup user information about currently active replies.

Types

UserMid = mid()
Item = user_info_item()
Value = Reason = term()

Update information about a user

Requires that the user is started.

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
Item = conn_info_item()
Value = term()

Lookup information about an active connection

Requires that the connection is active.

Failure: exit if, for instance, ConnHandle refers to a connection that no longer exists.

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
Item = conn_info_item()
Value = term()

Lookup all connection information about an active connection

See conn_info for more info.

Failure: exit if, for instance, ConnHandle refers to a connection that no longer exists.

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
TransId = transaction_id()

Lookup information about currently active requests for an active connection

Failure: exit if, for instance, ConnHandle refers to a connection that no longer exists.

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
TransId = transaction_id()
ReplyState = prepare | eval_request | waiting_for_ack | aborted
Handler = undefined | pid()

Lookup information about currently active replies for an active connection

Failure: exit if, for instance, ConnHandle refers to a connection that no longer exists.

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
Item = conn_info_item()
Value = Reason = term()

Update information about an active connection

Requires that the connection is activated. See conn_info_item() about which items and values that are valid.

Types

Item = system_info_item()
Value = term()

Lookup system information.

Types

Info = [{Key, Value}]
Key = atom()
Value = term()

This function produces a list of information about the megaco application. Such as users and their config, connections and their config, statistics and so on.

This information can be produced by the functions user_info, conn_info, system_info and get_stats but this is a simple way to get it all at once.

Types

ReceiveHandle = receive_handle()
RemoteMid = preliminary_mid | mid()
SendHandle = send_handle()
ControlPid = pid()
Extra = term()
ConnHandle = conn_handle()
Reason = ConnectReason | HandleConnectReason | term()
ConnectReason =
    {no_such_user, LocalMid} |
    {already_connected, ConnHandle} |
    term()
LocalMid = mid()
HandleConnectReason =
    {connection_refused, ConnData, ErrorInfo} | term()
ConnData = ErrorInfo = term()

Establish a "virtual" connection

Activates a connection to a remote user. When this is done the connection can be used to send messages (with SendMod:send_message/2). The ControlPid is the identifier of a process that controls the connection. That process will be supervised and if it dies, this will be detected and the UserMod:handle_disconnect/2 callback function will be invoked. See the megaco_user module for more info about the callback arguments. The connection may also explicitly be deactivated by invoking megaco:disconnect/2.

The ControlPid may be the identity of a process residing on another Erlang node. This is useful when you want to distribute a user over several Erlang nodes. In such a case one of the nodes has the physical connection. When a user residing on one of the other nodes needs to send a request (with megaco:call/3 or megaco:cast/3), the message will encoded on the originating Erlang node, and then be forwarded to the node with the physical connection. When the reply arrives, it will be forwarded back to the originator. The distributed connection may explicitly be deactivated by a local call to megaco:disconnect/2 or implicitly when the physical connection is deactivated (with megaco:disconnect/2, killing the controlling process, halting the other node, ...).

The call of this function will trigger the callback function UserMod:handle_connect/2 to be invoked. See the megaco_user module for more info about the callback arguments.

A connection may be established in several ways:

provisioned MID

The MG may explicitly invoke megaco:connect/4 and use a provisioned MID of the MGC as the RemoteMid.

upgrade preliminary MID

The MG may explicitly invoke megaco:connect/4 with the atom 'preliminary_mid' as a temporary MID of the MGC, send an intial message, the Service Change Request, to the MGC and then wait for an initial message, the Service Change Reply. When the reply arrives, the Megaco application will pick the MID of the MGC from the message header and automatically upgrade the connection to be a "normal" connection. By using this method of establishing the connection, the callback function UserMod:handle_connect/2 to be invoked twice. First with a ConnHandle with the remote_mid-field set to preliminary_mid, and then when the connection upgrade is done with the remote_mid-field set to the actual MID of the MGC.

automatic

When the MGC receives its first message, the Service Change Request, the Megaco application will automatically establish the connection by using the MG MID found in the message header as remote mid.

distributed

When a user (MG/MGC) is distributed over several nodes, it is required that the node hosting the connection already has activated the connection and that it is in the "normal" state. The RemoteMid must be a real Megaco MID and not a preliminary_mid.

An initial megaco_receive_handle record may be obtained with megaco:user_info(UserMid, receive_handle)

The send handle is provided by the preferred transport module, e.g. megaco_tcp, megaco_udp. Read the documentation about each transport module about the details.

The connect is done in two steps: first an internal connection setup and then by calling the user handle_connect callback function. The first step could result in an error with Reason = ConnectReason and the second an error with Reason = HandleConnectReason:

ConnectReason

An error with this reason is generated by the megaco application itself.

HandleConnectReason

An error with this reason is caused by the user handle_connect callback function either returning an error or an invalid value.

Extra can be any term() except the atom ignore_extra. It is passed (back) to the user via the callback function handle_connect/3.

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
DiscoReason = ErrReason = term()

Tear down a "virtual" connection

Causes the UserMod:handle_disconnect/2 callback function to be invoked. See the megaco_user module for more info about the callback arguments.

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
ActionRequests = action_reqs() | [action_reqs()]
SendOptions = [SendOption]
SendOption =
    {request_timer, megaco_timer()} |
    {long_request_timer, megaco_timer()} |
    {send_handle, send_handle()} |
    {protocol_version, protocol_version()} |
    {call_proxy_gc_timeout, integer() >= 0}
ProtocolVersion = protocol_version()
UserReply = Success | Failure
Success = {ok, Result} | {ok, Result, SuccessExtra}
Result = MessageResult | SegmentResult
MessageResult = action_reps()
SegmentResult = SegmentsOk
SegmentsOk = [{segment_no(), action_reps()}]
Failure = {error, Reason} | {error, Reason, ErrorExtra}
Reason =
    MessageReason | SegmentReason | UserCancelReason |
    SendReason | OtherReason
MessageReason = error_desc()
SegmentReason =
    {segment, SegmentsOk, SegmentsErr} |
    {segment_timeout, MissingSegments, SegmentsOk, SegmentsErr}
SegmentsErr = {segment_no(), error_desc()}
MissingSegments = [segment_no()]
UserCancelReason = {user_cancel, ReasonForUserCancel}
ReasonForUserCancel = term()
SendReason = SendCancelledReason | SendFailedReason
SendCancelledReason = {send_message_cancelled, term()}
SendFailedReason = {send_message_failed, term()}
OtherReason =
    {wrong_mid,
     WrongMid :: mid(),
     RightMid :: mid(),
     transaction_reply()} |
    term()
SuccessExtra = ErrorExtra = term()

Sends one or more transaction request(s) and waits for the reply.

When sending one transaction in a message, ActionRequests should be action_reqs() (the reply will then be UserReply). When sending several transactions in a message, ActionRequests should be [action_reqs()] (the reply will then be [UserReply]). Each element of the list is part of one transaction.

For some of our codecs (not binary), it is also possible to pre-encode the actions, in which case ActionRequests will be either a binary() or [binary()].

The function returns when the reply arrives, when the request timer eventually times out or when the outstanding requests are explicitly cancelled.

The default values of the send options are obtained by megaco:conn_info(ConnHandle, Item). But the send options above, may explicitly be overridden.

The ProtocolVersion version is the version actually encoded in the reply message.

At Success, the UserReply contains a list of 'ActionReply' records possibly containing error indications.

A Failure, indicates that the remote user has replied with an explicit transactionError.

A UserCancelReason, indicates that the request has been canceled by the user. ReasonForUserCancel is the reason given in the call to the cancel function.

A send error (SendReason), indicates that the send function of the megaco transport callback module failed to send the request. There are two separate cases: SendCancelledReason and SendFailedReason. The first is the result of the send function returning {cancel, Reason} and the second is some other kind of erroneous return value. See the send_message function for more info.

An OtherReason, indicates some other error such as timeout.

For more info about the 'extra' part of the result (SuccessExtra and ErrorExtra), see the note in the user callback module documentation.

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
ActionRequests = action_reqs() | [action_reqs()]
SendOptions = [SendOption]
SendOption =
    {request_keep_alive_timeout, RequestKeepAliveTimer} |
    {request_timer, megaco_timer()} |
    {long_request_timer, megaco_timer()} |
    {send_handle, send_handle()} |
    {reply_data, ReplyData} |
    {protocol_version, ProtocolVersion}
RequestKeepAliveTimer = plain | integer() >= 0
ReplyData = term()
ProtocolVersion = protocol_version()
Reason = term()

Sends one or more transaction request(s) but does NOT wait for a reply

When sending one transaction in a message, ActionRequests should be action_reqs(). When sending several transactions in a message, ActionRequests should be [action_reqs()]. Each element of the list is part of one transaction.

For some of our codecs (not binary), it is also possible to pre-encode the actions, in which case Actions will be either a binary() or [binary()].

The default values of the send options are obtained by megaco:conn_info(ConnHandle, Item). But the send options above, may explicitly be overridden.

The ProtocolVersion version is the version actually encoded in the reply message.

The callback function UserMod:handle_trans_reply/4 is invoked when the reply arrives, when the request timer eventually times out or when the outstanding requests are explicitly cancelled. See the megaco_user module for more info about the callback arguments.

Given as ReplyData argument to UserMod:handle_trans_reply/4.

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
ActionRequests = action_reqs() | [action_reqs()]
Options = [Option]
Option =
    {request_timer, megaco_timer()} |
    {long_request_timer, megaco_timer()} |
    {send_handle, send_handle()} |
    {protocol_version, protocol_version()}
Result = binary() | [binary()]
Reason = term()

Encodes lists of action requests for one or more transaction request(s).

When encoding action requests for one transaction, Actions should be action_reqs(). When encoding action requests for several transactions, Actions should be [action_reqs()]. Each element of the list is part of one transaction.

Types

Tag = atom()
EncodingMod = pretty | compact | module()
Version = protocol_version() | v1 | v2 | v3
Result = string() | {error, Reason}
Reason = term()

Convert a token tag to a string

If no encoder module is given, the default is used (which is pretty).

If no or an unknown version is given, the best version is used (which is v3).

If no match is found for Tag, Result will be the empty string ([]).

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
CancelReason = Reason = term()

Cancel all outstanding messages for this connection

This causes outstanding megaco:call/3 requests to return. The callback functions UserMod:handle_reply/4 and UserMod:handle_trans_ack/4 are also invoked where it applies. See the megaco_user module for more info about the callback arguments.

Types

ReceiveHandle = receive_handle()
ControlPid = pid()
SendHandle = send_handle()
BinMsg = binary()
Extra = term()

Process a received message

This function is intended to be invoked by some transport modules when get an incoming message. Which transport that actually is used is up to the user to choose.

The message is delivered as an Erlang binary and is decoded by the encoding module stated in the receive handle together with its encoding config (also in the receive handle). Depending of the outcome of the decoding various callback functions will be invoked. See megaco_user for more info about the callback arguments.

The argument Extra is just an opaque data structure passed to the user via the callback functions in the user callback module. Note however that if Extra has the value extra_undefined the argument will be ignored (same as if process_received_message/4 had been called). See the documentation for the behaviour of the callback module, megaco_user, for more info.

Note that all processing is done in the context of the calling process. A transport module could call this function via one of the spawn functions (e.g. spawn_opt). See also receive_message/4,5.

If the message cannot be decoded the following callback function will be invoked:

  • UserMod:handle_syntax_error/3

If the decoded message instead of transactions contains a message error, the following callback function will be invoked:

  • UserMod:handle_message_error/3

If the decoded message happens to be received before the connection is established, a new "virtual" connection is established. This is typically the case for the Media Gateway Controller (MGC) upon the first Service Change. When this occurs the following callback function will be invoked:

  • UserMod:handle_connect/2

For each transaction request in the decoded message the following callback function will be invoked:

  • UserMod:handle_trans_request/3

For each transaction reply in the decoded message the reply is returned to the user. Either the originating function megaco:call/3 will return. Or in case the originating function was megaco:case/3 the following callback function will be invoked:

  • UserMod:handle_trans_reply/4

When a transaction acknowledgement is received it is possible that user has decided not to bother about the acknowledgement. But in case the return value from UserMod:handle_trans_request/3 indicates that the acknowledgement is important the following callback function will be invoked:

  • UserMod:handle_trans_ack/4

See the megaco_user module for more info about the callback arguments.

Types

ReceiveHandle = receive_handle()
ControlPid = pid()
SendHandle = send_handle()
BinMsg = binary()
Extra = term()

Process a received message

This is a callback function intended to be invoked by some transport modules when get an incoming message. Which transport that actually is used is up to the user to choose.

In principle, this function calls the process_received_message/4,5 function via a spawn to perform the actual processing.

For further information see the process_received_message/4,5 function.

Types

DigitMapBody = string()
ParsedDigitMap = Reason = term()

Parses a digit map body

Parses a digit map body, represented as a list of characters, into a list of state transitions suited to be evaluated by megaco:eval_digit_map/1,2.

Types

DigitMap = digit_map_value() | ParsedDigitMap
ParsedDigitMap = term()
Timers = Ignore | Reject
Ignore = ignore | {ignore, digit_map_value()}
Reject =
    reject | {reject, digit_map_value()} | digit_map_value()
MatchResult = {Kind, Letters} | {Kind, Letters, Extra}
Kind = digit_map_kind()
Letters = [digit_map_letter()]
Extra = digit_map_letter()
Reason = term()

Collect digit map letters according to the digit map.

When evaluating a digit map, a state machine waits for timeouts and letters reported by megaco:report_digit_event/2. The length of the various timeouts are defined in the digit_map_value() record.

When a complete sequence of valid events has been received, the result is returned as a list of letters.

There are two options for handling syntax errors (that is when an unexpected event is received when the digit map evaluator is expecting some other event). The unexpected events may either be ignored or rejected. The latter means that the evaluation is aborted and an error is returned.

Types

DigitMapEvalPid = pid()
Events = digit_map_event() | [digit_map_event()]
Reason = term()

Send one or more events to the event collector process.

Send one or more events to a process that is evaluating a digit map, that is a process that is executing megaco:eval_digit_map/1,2.

Note that the events $s | $S, l | $L and $z | $Z has nothing to do with the timers using the same characters.

Types

DigitMap = digit_map_value() | ParsedDigitMap
ParsedDigitMap = term()
Events = digit_map_event() | [digit_map_event()]
Kind = digit_map_kind()
Letters = [digit_map_letter()]
Reason = term()

Feed digit map collector with events and return the result

This function starts the evaluation of a digit map with megaco:eval_digit_map/1 and sends a sequence of events to it with megaco:report_digit_event/2 in order to simplify testing of digit maps.

Types

SDP =
    sdp_property_parm() |
    sdp_property_group() |
    sdp_property_groups() |
    asn1_NOVALUE
PP =
    property_parm() |
    property_group() |
    property_groups() |
    asn1_NOVALUE
Reason = term()

Encode (generate) an SDP construct.

If a property_parm() is found as part of the input (SDP) then it is left unchanged.

This function performs the following transformation:

  • sdp() -> property_parm()

  • sdp_property_group() -> property_group()

  • sdp_property_groups() -> property_groups()

Types

PP =
    property_parm() |
    property_group() |
    property_groups() |
    asn1_NOVALUE
SDP =
    sdp() |
    DecodeSdpPropertyGroup | DecodeSdpPropertyGroups |
    asn1_NOVALUE
DecodeSdpPropertyGroup = [DecodeSDP]
DecodeSdpPropertyGroups = [DecodeSdpPropertyGroup]
DecodeSDP = sdp() | {property_parm(), DecodeError}
DecodeError = Reason = term()

Decode (parse) a property parameter construct.

When decoding property_group() or property_groups(), those property parameter constructs that cannot be decoded (either because of decode error or because they are unknown), will be returned as a two-tuple. The first element of which will be the (undecoded) property parameter and the other the actual reason. This means that the caller of this function has to expect not only sdp-records, but also this two-tuple construct.

This function performs the following transformation:

  • property_parm() -> sdp()

  • property_group() -> sdp_property_group()

  • property_groups() -> sdp_property_groups()

Types

VersionInfo = list()
Reason = term()

Utility functions used to retrieve some system and application info.

The difference between the two functions is in how they get the modules to check. versions1 uses the app-file and versions2 uses the function application:get_key.

Types

Versions = [VersionInfo]
VersionInfo = term()

Utility function to produce a formated printout of the versions info generated by the versions1 and versions2 functions.

The function print_version_info/0 uses the result of function version1/0 as VersionInfo.

Example: 

           {ok, V} = megaco:versions1(), megaco:format_versions(V).

Types

Level = trace_level()
Destination = File | Port | HandlerSpec | io
File = string()
Port = integer()
HandlerSpec = {HandlerFun, InitialData}
HandlerFun = trace_handler()
InitialData = trace_data()

This function is used to start megaco tracing at a given Level and direct result to the given Destination.

It starts a tracer server and then sets the proper match spec (according to Level).

In the case when Destination is File, the printable megaco trace events will be printed to the file File using plain io:format/2.

In the case when Destination is io, the printable megaco trace events will be printed on stdout using plain io:format/2.

See dbg for further information.

This function is used to stop megaco tracing.

Types

Level = trace_level()

This function is used to change the megaco trace level.

It is assumed that tracing has already been enabled (see enable_trace above).

Types

TotalStats =
    {conn_handle(), [Stats]} | {global_counter(), counter_value()}
Stats = {counter(), counter_value()}
Reason = term()

Retreive all (SNMP) statistic counters maintained by the megaco application.

The global counters handle events that cannot be attributed to a single connection (e.g. protocol errors that occur before the connection has been properly setup).

Types

GCounter = global_counter()
Value = counter_value()
Reason = term()

Retreive a (SNMP) (global) statistic counter maintained by the megaco application.

The global counters handle events that cannot be attributed to a single connection (e.g. protocol errors that occur before the connection has been properly setup).

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
Stats = {counter(), counter_value()}
Reason = term()

Retreive all (SNMP) statistic counters maintained by the megaco application, for a specific connection.

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
Counter = counter()
Value = counter_value()
Reason = term()

Retreive a (SNMP) statistic counter maintained by the megaco application.

Reset all (SNMP) statistics counters.

Types

GCounter = global_counter()

Reset the specified (SNMP) statistics counter.

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()

Reset all (SNMP) statistics counters for a connection.

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
Version = protocol_version()
EncodingMod = module()
EncodingConfig = list()
ActionRequests = action_reqs() | [action_reqs()]
MegaMsg = megaco_message()
EncodeRes = {ok, Bin} | {error, Reason}
Bin = binary()
Reason = term()

Tests if the Actions argument is correctly composed.

This function is only intended for testing purposes. It's supposed to have a same kind of interface as the call or cast functions (with the additions of the EncodingMod and EncodingConfig arguments). It composes a complete megaco message end attempts to encode it. The return value, will be a tuple of the composed megaco message and the encode result.

Types

ConnHandle = conn_handle()
Version = protocol_version()
EncodingMod = module()
EncodingConfig = list()
Reply = error_desc() | [action_reply()]
MegaMsg = megaco_message()
EncodeRes = {ok, Bin} | {error, Reason}
Bin = binary()
Reason = term()

Tests if the Reply argument is correctly composed.

This function is only intended for testing purposes. It's supposed to test the actual_reply() return value of the callback functions handle_trans_request and handle_trans_long_request functions (with the additions of the EncodingMod and EncodingConfig arguments). It composes a complete megaco message end attempts to encode it. The return value, will be a tuple of the composed megaco message and the encode result.

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