Package ch.obermuhlner.math.big

Class BigComplex

java.lang.Object

ch.obermuhlner.math.big.BigComplex

public final class BigComplex
extends java.lang.Object

Represents a complex number consisting of a real and an imaginary BigDecimal part in the form a + bi.

It generally follows the design of BigDecimal with some convenience improvements like overloaded operator methods.

The biggest difference to BigDecimal is that BigComplex.equals(Object) implements the mathematical equality and not the strict technical equality. This was a difficult decision because it means that BigComplex behaves slightly different than BigDecimal but considering that the strange equality of BigDecimal is a major source of bugs we decided it was worth the slight inconsistency. If you need the strict equality use strictEquals(Object)`.

This class is immutable and therefore inherently thread safe.

Field Summary

Fields

Modifier and Type	Field	Description
static BigComplex	I	Imaginary 1 represented as complex number.
java.math.BigDecimal	im	The imaginary BigDecimal part of this complex number.
static BigComplex	ONE	Real 1 represented as complex number.
java.math.BigDecimal	re	The real BigDecimal part of this complex number.
static BigComplex	ZERO	Zero represented as complex number.

Constructor Summary

Constructors

Modifier	Constructor	Description
private	BigComplex(java.math.BigDecimal re, java.math.BigDecimal im)

Method Summary

Modifier and Type	Method	Description
java.math.BigDecimal	abs(java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Calculates the absolute value (also known as magnitude, length or radius) of this complex number.
java.math.BigDecimal	absSquare(java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Calculates the square of the absolute value of this complex number.
BigComplex	add(double value)	Calculates the addition of the given real double value to this complex number.
BigComplex	add(BigComplex value)	Calculates the addition of the given complex value to this complex number.
BigComplex	add(BigComplex value, java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Calculates the addition of the given complex value to this complex number using the specified MathContext.
BigComplex	add(java.math.BigDecimal value)	Calculates the addition of the given real BigDecimal value to this complex number.
BigComplex	add(java.math.BigDecimal value, java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Calculates the addition of the given real BigDecimal value to this complex number using the specified MathContext.
java.math.BigDecimal	angle(java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Calculates the angle in radians (also known as argument) of this complex number.
BigComplex	conjugate()	Calculates the conjugate a - bi of this complex number.
BigComplex	divide(double value, java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Calculates this complex number divided by the given real double value using the specified MathContext.
BigComplex	divide(BigComplex value, java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Calculates this complex number divided by the given complex value using the specified MathContext.
BigComplex	divide(java.math.BigDecimal value, java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Calculates this complex number divided by the given real BigDecimal value using the specified MathContext.
boolean	equals(java.lang.Object obj)
int	hashCode()
BigComplex	im()	Returns the imaginary part of this complex number as BigComplex number.
boolean	isReal()	Returns whether this complex number only has a real part (the imaginary part is 0).
BigComplex	multiply(double value)	Calculates the multiplication of the given real double value with this complex number.
BigComplex	multiply(BigComplex value)	Calculates the multiplication of the given complex value to this complex number.
BigComplex	multiply(BigComplex value, java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Calculates the multiplication of the given complex value with this complex number using the specified MathContext.
BigComplex	multiply(java.math.BigDecimal value)	Calculates the multiplication of the given real BigDecimal value with this complex number.
BigComplex	multiply(java.math.BigDecimal value, java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Calculates the multiplication of the given real BigDecimal value with this complex number using the specified MathContext.
BigComplex	negate()	Calculates the negation -a - bi of this complex number.
BigComplex	re()	Returns the real part of this complex number as BigComplex number.
BigComplex	reciprocal(java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Calculates the reciprocal of this complex number using the specified MathContext.
BigComplex	round(java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Returns this complex nuber rounded to the specified precision.
boolean	strictEquals(java.lang.Object obj)	Returns whether the real and imaginary parts of this complex number are strictly equal.
BigComplex	subtract(double value)	Calculates the subtraction of the given real double value from this complex number.
BigComplex	subtract(BigComplex value)	Calculates the subtraction of the given complex value from this complex number.
BigComplex	subtract(BigComplex value, java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Calculates the subtraction of the given complex value from this complex number using the specified MathContext.
BigComplex	subtract(java.math.BigDecimal value)	Calculates the subtraction of the given real BigDecimal value from this complex number.
BigComplex	subtract(java.math.BigDecimal value, java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Calculates the subtraction of the given real BigDecimal value from this complex number using the specified MathContext.
java.lang.String	toString()
static BigComplex	valueOf(double real)	Returns a complex number with the specified real double part.
static BigComplex	valueOf(double real, double imaginary)	Returns a complex number with the specified real and imaginary double parts.
static BigComplex	valueOf(java.math.BigDecimal real)	Returns a complex number with the specified real BigDecimal part.
static BigComplex	valueOf(java.math.BigDecimal real, java.math.BigDecimal imaginary)	Returns a complex number with the specified real and imaginary BigDecimal parts.
static BigComplex	valueOfPolar(double radius, double angle, java.math.MathContext mathContext)
static BigComplex	valueOfPolar(java.math.BigDecimal radius, java.math.BigDecimal angle, java.math.MathContext mathContext)	Returns a complex number with the specified polar BigDecimal radius and angle using the specified MathContext.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, finalize, getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Field Detail

ZERO

public static final BigComplex ZERO

Zero represented as complex number.

ONE

public static final BigComplex ONE

Real 1 represented as complex number.

I

public static final BigComplex I

Imaginary 1 represented as complex number.

re

public final java.math.BigDecimal re

The real BigDecimal part of this complex number.

im

public final java.math.BigDecimal im

The imaginary BigDecimal part of this complex number.

Constructor Detail

BigComplex

private BigComplex(java.math.BigDecimal re,
                   java.math.BigDecimal im)

Method Detail

add

public BigComplex add(BigComplex value)

Calculates the addition of the given complex value to this complex number.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the BigComplex value to add

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

add

public BigComplex add(BigComplex value,
                      java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Calculates the addition of the given complex value to this complex number using the specified MathContext.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the BigComplex value to add

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

add

public BigComplex add(java.math.BigDecimal value,
                      java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Calculates the addition of the given real BigDecimal value to this complex number using the specified MathContext.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the real BigDecimal value to add

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

add

public BigComplex add(java.math.BigDecimal value)

Calculates the addition of the given real BigDecimal value to this complex number.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the real BigDecimal value to add

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

add

public BigComplex add(double value)

Calculates the addition of the given real double value to this complex number.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the real double value to add

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

subtract

public BigComplex subtract(BigComplex value)

Calculates the subtraction of the given complex value from this complex number.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the BigComplex value to subtract

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

subtract

public BigComplex subtract(BigComplex value,
                           java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Calculates the subtraction of the given complex value from this complex number using the specified MathContext.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the BigComplex value to subtract

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

subtract

public BigComplex subtract(java.math.BigDecimal value,
                           java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Calculates the subtraction of the given real BigDecimal value from this complex number using the specified MathContext.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the real BigDecimal value to add

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

subtract

public BigComplex subtract(java.math.BigDecimal value)

Calculates the subtraction of the given real BigDecimal value from this complex number.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the real BigDecimal value to subtract

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

subtract

public BigComplex subtract(double value)

Calculates the subtraction of the given real double value from this complex number.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the real double value to subtract

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

multiply

public BigComplex multiply(BigComplex value)

Calculates the multiplication of the given complex value to this complex number.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the BigComplex value to multiply

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

multiply

public BigComplex multiply(BigComplex value,
                           java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Calculates the multiplication of the given complex value with this complex number using the specified MathContext.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the BigComplex value to multiply

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

multiply

public BigComplex multiply(java.math.BigDecimal value,
                           java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Calculates the multiplication of the given real BigDecimal value with this complex number using the specified MathContext.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the real BigDecimal value to multiply

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

multiply

public BigComplex multiply(java.math.BigDecimal value)

Calculates the multiplication of the given real BigDecimal value with this complex number.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the real BigDecimal value to multiply

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

multiply

public BigComplex multiply(double value)

Calculates the multiplication of the given real double value with this complex number.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the real double value to multiply

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

divide

public BigComplex divide(BigComplex value,
                         java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Calculates this complex number divided by the given complex value using the specified MathContext.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the BigComplex value to divide by

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

divide

public BigComplex divide(java.math.BigDecimal value,
                         java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Calculates this complex number divided by the given real BigDecimal value using the specified MathContext.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the BigDecimal value to divide by

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

divide

public BigComplex divide(double value,
                         java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Calculates this complex number divided by the given real double value using the specified MathContext.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

value - the double value to divide by

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

reciprocal

public BigComplex reciprocal(java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Calculates the reciprocal of this complex number using the specified MathContext.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

conjugate

public BigComplex conjugate()

Calculates the conjugate a - bi of this complex number.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

negate

public BigComplex negate()

Calculates the negation -a - bi of this complex number.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

abs

public java.math.BigDecimal abs(java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Calculates the absolute value (also known as magnitude, length or radius) of this complex number.

This method is slower than absSquare(MathContext) since it needs to calculate the BigDecimalMath.sqrt(BigDecimal, MathContext).

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

See Also:

absSquare(MathContext)

angle

public java.math.BigDecimal angle(java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Calculates the angle in radians (also known as argument) of this complex number.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

absSquare

public java.math.BigDecimal absSquare(java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Calculates the square of the absolute value of this complex number.

This method is faster than abs(MathContext) since it does not need to calculate the BigDecimalMath.sqrt(BigDecimal, MathContext).

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the calculated BigComplex result

See Also:

abs(MathContext)

isReal

public boolean isReal()

Returns whether this complex number only has a real part (the imaginary part is 0).

Returns:

true if this complex number only has a real part, false if the imaginary part is not 0

re

public BigComplex re()

Returns the real part of this complex number as BigComplex number.

Returns:

the real part as as BigComplex number

im

public BigComplex im()

Returns the imaginary part of this complex number as BigComplex number.

Returns:

the imaginary part as as BigComplex number

round

public BigComplex round(java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Returns this complex nuber rounded to the specified precision.

This methods does not modify this instance.

Parameters:

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the rounded BigComplex result

hashCode

public int hashCode()

Overrides:

hashCode in class java.lang.Object

equals

public boolean equals(java.lang.Object obj)

Contrary to BigDecimal.equals(Object) this method implements mathematical equality (by calling BigDecimal.compareTo(BigDecimal) on the real and imaginary parts) instead of strict equality.

Overrides:

equals in class java.lang.Object

See Also:

strictEquals(Object)

strictEquals

public boolean strictEquals(java.lang.Object obj)

Returns whether the real and imaginary parts of this complex number are strictly equal.

This method uses the strict equality as defined by BigDecimal.equals(Object) on the real and imaginary parts.

Please note that BigComplex.equals(Object) implements mathematical equality instead (by calling on the real and imaginary parts).

Parameters:

obj - the object to compare for strict equality

Returns:

true if the specified object is strictly equal to this complex number

See Also:

equals(Object)

toString

public java.lang.String toString()

Overrides:

toString in class java.lang.Object

valueOf

public static BigComplex valueOf(java.math.BigDecimal real)

Returns a complex number with the specified real BigDecimal part.

Parameters:

real - the real BigDecimal part

Returns:

the complex number

valueOf

public static BigComplex valueOf(double real)

Returns a complex number with the specified real double part.

Parameters:

real - the real double part

Returns:

the complex number

valueOf

public static BigComplex valueOf(double real,
                                 double imaginary)

Returns a complex number with the specified real and imaginary double parts.

Parameters:

real - the real double part

imaginary - the imaginary double part

Returns:

the complex number

valueOf

public static BigComplex valueOf(java.math.BigDecimal real,
                                 java.math.BigDecimal imaginary)

Returns a complex number with the specified real and imaginary BigDecimal parts.

Parameters:

real - the real BigDecimal part

imaginary - the imaginary BigDecimal part

Returns:

the complex number

valueOfPolar

public static BigComplex valueOfPolar(java.math.BigDecimal radius,
                                      java.math.BigDecimal angle,
                                      java.math.MathContext mathContext)

Returns a complex number with the specified polar BigDecimal radius and angle using the specified MathContext.

Parameters:

radius - the BigDecimal radius of the polar representation

angle - the BigDecimal angle in radians of the polar representation

mathContext - the MathContext used to calculate the result

Returns:

the complex number

valueOfPolar

public static BigComplex valueOfPolar(double radius,
                                      double angle,
                                      java.math.MathContext mathContext)