openSUSE Leap 42.2

˵

openSUSE Leap һĸ˼ʼǱԻĻ Linux ɲ
ϵͳʹƣʣƬ㹫񣬹ƵƷ
֣Ȥ

ڣ2018-03-15 42.2.20180315.23123c4

1 װ
2 ϵͳ
3 
4 Ϣͷ

openSUSE Leap 42.2 άֹΪ˱ϵͳĸºͰȫԣǰ
ά openSUSE 汾ڿʼǰȷӦ openSUSE Leap 42.2
ά¡

˽йĿǰ openSUSE 汾 https://zh.opensuse.org/SDB:ϵ
ͳ

һɵİ汾 openSUSE Leapǰ汾ķ˵https://
zh.opensuse.org/openSUSE:˵

й openSUSE ĿϢοhttps://www.opensuse.org

1 װ

½Ϊڰװ̵ϸָοĵ https://doc.opensuse.org/
documentation/leap/startup/html/book.opensuse.startup/part.basics.html

1.1 Сϵͳװ

Ϊ˱ⰲװĳЩϴƼСװģʽԼٲҪװ
Ƴ patterns-openSUSE-minimal_base-conflicts ģ顣

עСװĬûзǽҪ밲װ SuSEfirewall2

1.2 UEFI?ͳһչ̼ӿ

 openSUSE װʹ UEFIͳһչ̼ӿڣļǰر
һӲƼĹ̼£ңеĻ밲װĸ¡Ԥװ
Windows 8 Ǳʹ UEFI һԱ־

Щ UEFI ̼⣬ᵼ UEFI 洢дʱ𻵡
ǲû綨Ϊ??

openSUSE дϵͳСݣӶ÷տ͡С
ζŸ֪ UEFI ̼ openSUSE λáĬϽ Linux ںʹ
 UEFI 洢ͱϢpstoreĹܡȻƼװӲ
Ƽκι̼¡

1.3 ĬԴ̱ǩʽʱװ

ڷʱĬϹطʽΪǩװ㱨󲢱˶Σװʱ
ʹѡҪϵͳʱлرǩʽ

1.4 UEFIGPT  MS-DOS 

 EFI/UEFI 淶һµķGPTGUID ·ʹ
ȫΨһʶ128 λֵʾ 32 ʮ֣ʶ豸ͷ͡

⣬UEFI 淶Ҳͳ MBRMS-DOSLinux ELILO  GRUB2
᳢ΪЩͳʽķԶһ GUIDд뵽̼С
GUID Ƶ仯д̼дͬɣƳʹǰһ


ʽ̼ռѼɾͷڴԤĹ̼
ͷЩʱͻᵼ⡣ʹϵͳ޷

ܷܼ򵥣ͳ MBR תµ GPT ⡣

1.5 Nouveau 3D/DRI ܻᵼ KDE Ӧó

 openSUSE Leap 42.2 УNouveau Mesa/DRI  2D/3D ȾΪԹܡ
Nouveau kernel/KMS  Nouveau X.org/DDX  2D ȾȻȶġ

 Nouveau Mesa/DRI ʹùУһЩӦóܻر KDE  Qt
򡣴Ŀǰλڵİ Mesa-dri-nouveau УʱԽɾ

ûаװκ Nvidia GPU  3D ֧֣Ҷµʹ
 Glamor п 2D  Nvidia GPU ṩ 2D ֧֡ 2D ں˼
ʾģʽ趨 (Kernel Mode Setting) ȻãΪƷ Kepler  Nvidia GPU 
 2012 ԼĲƷͨ GPU ϵ EXA ʵ 2D ٹܵġ3D 
ͨȾõ֧֡

Ϣ bug  https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=91632 
https://bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1005323 

2 ϵͳ

½гϵͳصע͡ϸָοĵ https://
doc.opensuse.org/documentation/leap/startup/html/book.opensuse.startup/
cha.update.osuse.html

2.1  openSUSE Leap 42.1 

2.1.1 Ƴ滻

 openSUSE Leap 42.1Ƴ滻

  arista滻Ϊ transmageddon

  cadabraԴ޷Һ汾Cadabra 2Ŀǰȶ

  dropbearƳΪ openssh ˵Ӧơ

  emerillon滻Ϊ gnome-maps

  gnome-system-log滻Ϊ gnome-logs

  hawk滻Ϊ hawk2

  ksnapshot滻Ϊ spectacle

  labplotLabplot Ѿ滻Ϊ Qt5 汾Ϊ labplot-kf5Ӱװ 
    labplot  openSUSE Leap 42.1 㽫Զ labplot-kf5

  nodejsΪ nodejs4

  psi滻Ϊ psi+

  python-moin滻Ϊ moinmoin-wikiǰ汾 ? 
    ͬƷ

  ungifsicle滻Ϊ gifsicle

  xchat滻Ϊ hexchat

2.1.2 /var/cache ڶӾ (subvolume) нпպͻع (rollback)

/var/cache а׻ӷݣ Zypper ÿθʱͬ汾 RPM 
档洢ݾд൫׻ӷ¿ռõܴ̿ռ
ܿ졣

Ϊ˽⣬ /var/cache Ƶ˵Ӿȫ°װ openSUSE Leap
42.2 ϣԶõġҪתеĸļϵͳҪִ²裺

 1. ҵĿ¼ļϵͳ豸磬 /dev/sda2  /dev/sda3

    df /

 2. ҵӾĸӾ openSUSE 13.2 ӾΪ @ҪǷ
    @ Ӿʹã

    btrfs subvolume list / | grep '@'

    Ϊգ򲻴Ϊ @ Ӿ£ʹ ID Ϊ
    5 ӾǾɰ汾 openSUSE ʹõġ

 3. ڹҪӾ

       @ Ӿ򽫴Ӿصʱصϣ

        mount <root_device> -o subvol=@ /mnt

       @ Ӿ ID Ϊ 5 Ӿ

        mount /dev/<root_device> -o subvolid=5 /mnt

 4. /mnt/var/cache ҲѾڣҿ /var/cache ͬĿ¼Ϊ˱
    ݶʧתƣ

    mv /mnt/var/cache /mnt/var/cache.old

 5. µӾ

    btrfs subvol create /mnt/var/cache

 6. ʱ /var/cache.old Ŀ¼תƵµλã

    mv /var/cache.old/* /mnt/var/cache

    ִУ

    mv /var/cache/* /mnt/var/cache/

 7. ѡ /mnt/var/cache.old ɾ

    rm -rf /mnt/var/cache.old

 8. ʱصжشӾ

    umount /mnt

 9.  /etc/fstab Ϊµ /var/cache ӾһĿѴڵӾĿΪ
    ģиơȷҪ UUID Ǹļϵͳ UUID޸Ӿ
    ص㣬ʹ /var/cache һ¡

10.  /etc/fstab õӾ

    mount /var/cache

2.1.3 GNOME Keyring  GPG 

GNOME Keyring мɵ GPG ѱƳˣGNOME Keyring ٱڹ
GPG ԿȻʹ gpg ߹ GPG Կ

2.1.4 Synaptics X  GNOME ¿ܻήʹʹ

 Leap 42.1 УSynaptics X  ( xf86-input-synaptics) Ĭϰװ
ģȼ libinput (xf86-input-libinput)

 Leap 42.2 ʼ

  Synaptics X Ĭϰװ

  װ Synaptics X κδ豸ʹá

  GNOME ֧Synaptics X ζŵװֻ
    Synaptics Ϊ

ʹ Synaptics 岢Ҷ Synaptics ˴Զ
뽫ϵͳɾ

sudo zypper rm xf86-input-synaptics

2.1.5 AArch64:  openSUSE Leap 42.1  openSUSE Leap 42.2 ҳС
仯

 openSUSE Leap 42.1 УAArch64 ƽ̨ĬϷҳС 64 kB openSUSE Leap
42.2 У÷ҳСΪ 4 kBɾɵ Swap  Btrfs ļϵͳȶ

Ŀǰ AArch64 ƽ̨ʹ openSUSE Leap 42.1뿼ȫ°װ openSUSE
Leap 42.2 

2.1.6 ֮ CCISS ϵͳ޷

Compaq/HP Smart Array (CCISS)  (cciss.ko) ĬѲ֧ضĿ
ᵼ openSUSE Leap 42.2 ں޷⵽̡

ӰϵͳϣCCISS ΪָǰΪٴμҪ
ں˲ cciss.cciss_allow_hpsa=0

2.2  openSUSE 13.2 

µעڴ openSUSE 13.2 ɵİ汾ͬʱȷĶ˵ 2.1 
 ? openSUSE Leap 42.1 ? ṩϢ

2.2.1 ӿ

 openSUSE 13.2 һԶʱȷӿȷ

openSUSE 13.2 ʹνĿԤӿ (磬enp5s0) openSUSE Leap
42.1 ʹ˹̶ӿ (eth0)ӿı䡣
ϵͳ档ҪӿڣϵͳǰΪÿӿ

/usr/lib/udev/udev-generate-persistent-rule -v -c enp5s0 -n enp5s0 -o /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

뽫 enp5s0 滻Ϊӿơ

2.2.2 Btrfsϵͳع̿ռй¶

openSUSE 13.2 Ĭʹ Btrfs ֣ʹô̿ռִеһϵͳع
ʱ޷ʵݸռá openSUSE Leap 42.1 ޸
Ȼ޸ֻ°װϵͳ

Ǵ openSUSE 13.2 ģ޷ļϵͳת²֣ԻЩ
ʧĴ̿ռ䡣



棺Ǳ׼޻عûᵼݶʧ

¹̽ʹ openSUSE 13.2 װĬ᰸еİװ

⣬֮ǰѾйһϵͳع

ʹ÷Ǳ׼ Btrfs ļϵͳ֮ǰδлعִ̻ᵼ
ݶʧ

 1. سʼ root ļϵͳ

    mount /dev/<ROOT_FILE_SYSTEM> -o subvolid=5 /mnt

 2. Ƴ /mnt ȫӾļ

    find /mnt -xdev -delete

 3. ٴжļϵͳ

    umount /mnt

2.2.3 ӡϵͳĽԼݵı䶯

CUPS 汾 1.7

 openSUSE 13.2 е CUPS 1.5CUPS 1.7 һЩҪı仯Ҫֶ
á

  PDF ȡ PS Ϊ˱׼ӡҵʽʴͳ PostScript ӡҲ
    Ҫһɸѡܴӡ

    ϸο https://en.opensuse.org/Concepts_printing

  ӡЭ䶯ӡԭڻ DNS 
    (DNS-SDҲǣͨ Avahi) cups-filters  cups-browsed 
    Ž¾Э顣cupsd  cups-browsed ҪвʹɵĿͻ (
    LibreOffice  KDE) ִӡ

  IPP ЭĬϰ汾 1.1 Ϊ 2.0ɵ IPP  CUPS 1.3.x ( SUSE
    Linux Enterprise 11 е) ܾ IPP 2.0 󣬷 Bad Request (ο http:
    //www.cups.org/str.php?L4231)

    Ϊʹþɴӡӡʽָ IPP Э汾ͨ׷ /version=1.1 
    

      client.conf е ServerName  (磬ServerName
        older.server.example.com/version=1.1)

      CUPS_SERVER ֵ

      й -h ѡõķֵ磺

        lpstat -h older.server.example.com/version=1.1 -p

  һЩӡ˾ͺ˴ cups Ƶ cups-filters 

  һЩ cupsd.conf ֵ cups-files.conf  http://www.cups.org/
    str.php?L4223CVE-2012-5519  https://bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?
    id=789566

  CUPS Ͳҳ cups  cups-filters ο http://
    www.cups.org/str.php?L4120  https://bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?id
    =735404

3 

ⲿг˹ openSUSE Leap 42.2 ޷һ⡣

3.1 KDE ĸϢKDE PIM

openSUSE Leap 42.2 Դ汾 KDE PIM (Kontact, KMail ) װ

  ɵ 4.x 汾

   KDE Frameworks 5 İ汾

KDE β֧ KDE PIM 4.xΪ˱ӰûḶ́Խ䱣

汾 KDE PIM ͬʱװһЩ KNode knode Ҫɵ
4.x 汾װκ KDE PIM 5.x  kmail5ʱЩᱻжء

KDE PIM 4.x һ openSUSE Leap 汾Ƴˣǹлµ 5.x
汾

ȻеöᱻӾɰ汾ǨƹϸϢȱݱ https://
bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1001872

3.2 ʹ GNOME Shell ʹ GDM ʱĻ

 GNOME Shell  GDM ĵ¼ SDDM  LightDM ͬʹʱĻ
ջ֮⣬Ҳ޷ڲ˳¼лû

Ҫ GNOME Shell ʹĻĵ¼ GDM

 1. ȷ gdm Ѱװ

 2.  YaST /etc/sysconfig 

 3. ƶ Desktop ? Display manager ? DISPLAYMANAGER

 4. ıУָ gdmȷб档

 5. ϵͳ

3.3 LibreOffice ֧ Type-1 

LibreOffice 5.3֧־ʽType-1壨.afm.pfbȺ׺ļھ
û˵һĶӰ졣Ϊ嶼ѾTrueType.ttf
OpenType.otf

˱Ӱ쵽ûͨ Type-1 תֵ֧ĸʽ TrueType
ʹת塣ʹ FontForgefontforge תϣ
ͨűתԲο https://fontforge.github.io/en-US/documentation/
scripting/

4 Ϣͷ

  Ķװϵ README ĵ

   RPM лȡĳضϸ޶ʷϢ

    rpm --changelog -qp FILENAME.rpm

     FILENAME 滻Ϊ RPM ơ

  鿴ʶĿ¼е ChangeLog ļðʱеȫʷ

  ڽϵ docu ļлȡϢ

  https://doc.opensuse.org/ ˶Ļµĵ

   http://www.opensuse.org  openSUSE ²ƷѶ

Ȩ ? 2018 SUSE LLC

лʹ openSUSE

openSUSE Ŷӡ

? 2018 SUSE

