  GSview
1
?
 `GSview` -    Ghostscript  MS-Windows,
 OS/2  GNU/Linux. Ghostscript -    
 PostScript,     . 
 ,  Adobe PostScript Document Structuring
 Conventions (    PostScript), GSview
      .
   GSview 4.3  Ghostscript  7.04 - 8.09.

2
?
W
   GSview    `setup.exe`.
P
   GSview    `os2setup.exe`.
X
        RPM.
E

  ,    Ghostscript.

    GSview , .  ` `.

    GSview   .
      ,  
WP
 `` | ` ` 
E
 `` | ` `.

 .  `` | ``.

3 Ghostscript
? Ghostscript
  GSview  AFPL Ghostscript.  GSview  Ghostscript
    

  http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/

   GSview,    , Ghostscript 
 GSview,    GSview.

3 Ghostscript
? Ghostscript
W
 AFPL Ghostscript  Win32     ,
    .
P
 AFPL Ghostscript  OS/2    zip-,  
  .
X
 AFPL Ghostscript    RPM     ,
    .
E
   ,    Ghostscript,   
  Ghostscript Install.htm  Use.htm.

3 GSview
? GSview
W
   GSview  Windows 95  NT 4.0   ` 
  `  ` `.
E

4 
? 
P
   GSview      `gsview `.
  , 

  c:\os2\gvpm.ini

     .

   `GSview `   .

    Ghostscript,      `gsN.NN`,
  N.NN -   Ghostscript.
W
   GSview      `gsview `.
  , 

  c:\windows\gsview32.ini

     .

  Windows NT,  ,   gsview32.ini  
  .

   `Ghostgum`      
 .

   ,   ,   :

  HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\psfile
  HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.eps
  HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.ps
  HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\MIME\Database\Content Type\application/postscript

  ,  PDF-   GSview,   

  HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\pdffile
  HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\.pdf
  HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\MIME\Database\Content Type\application/pdf

 Ghostscript    `   `  `
 `.

   Ghostscript ,     
 `gsN.NN`,  N.NN -   Ghostscript.
X
   
 GSview    RPM,   `rpm`  
 .

     `gsview`, `gsview-help`, `pstotext`  `epstool` 
  /usr/bin,   `/usr/share/doc/gsview-N.N`  
 `/usr/etc/gsview/printer.ini`.     ,  
  GSview.
E

3 
? 
X
  `gsview`, `gsview-help`, `epstool`  `pstotext`  , 
    .
  `gvx*.htm`   `/usr/share/doc/gsview-N.NN`.
  `printer.ini`   `/usr/etc/gsview/printer.ini`.
WP
   GSview    .
  ,      .

    TEMP ,      
  . ,

   SET TEMP=c:\temp

        .

    Ghostscript      .
   Ghostscript    ``.   GSview
      .
  Ghostscript   c:\gs\gsN.NN ( N.NN 
 Ghostscript).

   c:\ghostgum\gsview

  
P
 PM GSview,  gvpm.exe, gvpgs.exe,
 gvpmde.dll, gvpmes.dll, gvpmfr.dll, gvpmit.dll,
 gvpmen.hlp, gvpmde.hlp, gvpmes.hlp, gvpmfr.hlp, gvpmit.hlp
  printer.ini
W
 GSview  Windows,  gsview32.exe, gsv16spl.exe,
 gvwgs32.exe, gsvw32de.dll, gsvw32es.dll, gsvw32fr.dll, gsvw32it.dll,
 gsviewen.hlp, gsviewde.hlp, gsviewes.hlp, gsviewfr.hlp, gsviewit.hlp
  printer.ini
WP
   `c:\ghostgum\gsview`.

P
  GSview      . 
   `` | ` `, 
     INI-     GSview 
  .

         ,
  `` | ` `.
W
  GSview 
    Ghostscript ( ). 
   ,  `` | ` `.
E

    .  `  `.

3  
?  
WP
  `` | ` `, 
 `` | ` `.

      (. ` `).

P
   GSview,    printer.ini  INI- GSview
 (c:\os2\gvpm.ini).

   GSview        
  .ps, .eps  .pdf.
W
    ` `    `
  `, ` .ps   GSview`  `   
 `, 

 1.   GSview    printer.ini 
 INI- GSview (c:\windows\gsview32.ini)

 2.   .ps  .eps (   .pdf)  ``.

 3.    GSview        .
X
   GSview   `` | `
 `.   Ghostscript,  .  `gs -h`
  5.50,  550.  `gs -h`  6.50,  650.
        (. ` `).
E

        Type 1,  Ghostscript  
 .  .   `Fontmap.os2`  `Fontmap.atm`  
 ``.

     ,    ` `.

WP
3 
? 
? 
  GSview   .

    GSview     
 GSview    , GSview   .

  UNC-     Windows 3.1,   Windows 95 .

W
 GSview      
 .    Windows 95  NT  
 , GSview  INI-   
 ,   .       
   USERPROFILE,    , GSview
  INI-   .      ,
 GSview  INI-    , ..  
 Windows.      ,  
    ,  GSview  .

WP
    ,  GSview   ` ` 
     ,  INI-   GSview. `
        `.  
    ,     
  .     GSview, 
   .   gsview32.ini  gvpm.ini 
        
  GSview,    ,    
 :

  [GSview-4.31beta]
  Version=4.31beta
  GSversion=800
  Configured=1
  GhostscriptDLL=e:\gs\gs8.00\bin\gsdll32.dll
  GhostscriptInclude=e:\gs\gs8.00\lib;e:\gs\fonts
  GhostscriptOther=-dNOPLATFONTS -sFONTPATH="c:\psfonts"

    GSview,    
 INI-.         GSview 
 INI-,  :

 1.   INI-   GSview.  INI- 
 .

 2.       printer.ini   GSview.

 3.    (.ps, .eps, .pdf)      .
     ,  `` | `
 `.

 4.     /    / 
    .     , 
 `` | ` `.

W
      Windows NT4/2000   "
 ",    gsview32.ini    GSview.
      Ghostscript.

     GSview,   
   GSview  Ghostscript  . ,  
 GSview  Ghostscript     .  
     `uninstal.txt`   GSview.

  .     GSview    
  ,     
    :

  setup -name "Your Name" -number XXXXX-XXXXX "c:\ghostgum"
E

W
3 GSview      Windows
? 
? 
? Windows
?
      GSview  setup.exe   ``
   ,      .
        ,    
  .

  ,       PostScript- 
    GSview,  PostScript-   .

  ` `  ` `  ` `|
 `...`   `regedit`.
  ` `  ` `| `   ...` 
   :

   = psfile
   = PostScript
   = Open
   = c:\ghostgum\gsview\gsview32 %1
   DDE =  
   = Print
   = c:\ghostgum\gsview\gsview32 /p %1
   DDE =  

  `OK`.

  ` `  `` | ``    :

     = ps
    = PostScript (gsview)

  `OK`.

   ! ,       PostScript-, `
 `  GSview.    PostScript-  `
 `, GSview  .     PostScript, 
     .      Print  .

  Windows 95     Windows.

  ` Windows`.  ` `|` ...`.  
    ` `.   ` ...`.
   :

   = PostScript
   = PS EPS

   `...`  

   = open
  ,   = c:\ghostgum\gsview\gsview32.exe

   `OK`.

   `...`  

   = print
  ,   = c:\ghostgum\gsview\gsview32.exe /p

   `OK`.

   ``.

   ``.
E

2
?
      GSview    
   ,    GSview.
    , GSview
     Aladdin Free Public Licence, 
    `LICENCE`.      
     .

        40  
 (AUD$40).
 GSview   -  

  http://www.ghostgum.com.au/

          , 
    `regorder.txt`   GSview. Ghostgum Software
    .

2    (DSC)
?    (DSC)
?Document Structuring Conventions
?DSC
? PostScript
?Encapsulated PostScript
?EPSF
?EPS
  Adobe     
 (Document Structuring Conventions, DSC) 
 PostScript-,       
  .
     , 
 GSview         
 `  `        
 ` `.        
  .

      DSC, GSview   
  .

 ,   DSC,   

  %!PS-Adobe-3.0

   3.0       DSC.
    PostScript-   control-D  ,
    ,  .
 GSview  ,      DSC, 
    .
     ,   PostScript-.
    DSC,   control-D   .

 ,  DSC   

  %%Pages: 24
  %%Page: 1 1

    GSview        
 . GSview       .

  PostScript- (EPSF) -  ,
     `DSC`   PostScript.
 EPS-    :

  %!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0

? 
?BoundingBox
  EPS-        
       (bounding box):

  %%BoundingBox: llx lly urx ury

  llx, lly, urx  ury -     x  y
        ,
       .

  EPS-   PostScript-.
     Windows,  TIFF  Interchange
 ( EPSI).
    Windows  TIFF, EPS-  DOS  
 ,       ,   
 EPS-   PostScript.
    Interchange    , 
   

  %%BeginPreview:    

 EPS-      EPS-     
 ` EPS `.

 GSview      DSC.   
  `` | ` DSC`.

2 PDF
? PDF
?Portable Document Format
?PDF
?pdf2ps
?ps2pdf
    , GSview    
 PDF-.

   GSview      ``   
   /MediaBox  PDF-.
    `` | ` EPS`, GSview 
  /CropBox  PDF.

      PDF-,   
  ``.
     ` `, GSview  
   ` `, ``, `  `  ,
        .

    pdfmark .

   PostScript-  PDF   `` |
 ``   `pdfwrite`.

   PDF-  PostScript   `` |
 ``   `pswrite`.

  `` | ``     PDF.
     PostScript,    PDF.

      .
X
 ps2pdf.
WP
 ps2pdf.bat  pdf2ps.bat
   Ghostscript.
    
P
 gvpm.exe
W
 gswin32c.exe
WP
  gs.exe.  ,     `-I`  
  `GS_LIB`      Ghostscript.
E

2 
?
?
? 
? 
?
  ``   ``      .

     `DSC`,     
  ` `, ` `  `  `.

      `DSC`,  ` ` 
 `  `   .      
     .

   , GSview   ,    (
 ) ,     ,   
    `` | ` `. 
     (1/72 ),    ( - ).
       .

  ` `   ``,     .
         .

  ` `    .
  ,  GSview     
 PostScript  ,     , 
 .

  ``   .
 Ÿ    ,     .
    ,  GSview ,      
 ,   Ghostscript    .

 .  ``.

2 
? 
?
? 
? 
?
?  
?  
? 
  `` | ` `   `+`  
  .
   ,      `DSC`.

  `` | ` `   `-` 
  .

  `` | ``   `F5`   
 .

  `` | `  `   ` `
   ,       
 .
  ` `   , ..   , 
  .

  `` | `   `   ``
       .

  `` | `   `   `BkSp`
       .

  ` `, ``  `  ` 
       `DSC`.

  `` | `  `   `F6`  
  ,      .  
        ,   .

  `` | ` `   `F4` 
     ( ,    ..).
        `Esc`.

2  
?
 GSview        ,
    ( )     
     ,    
 ,  ,   `` | `
 `.     
  .

  ``   ``     
    `DSC`   .

 ` `-    .

 ` `-` DSC`,` EPS`, ` DSC `  ` DSC
 `. `EPS `-   PostScript-, 
 ,     `DSC`  
 PostScript. `EPS`       .
 ` DSC ` ,   `` |
 `  DSC`.
      ` Ctrl-D `  ` PJL
 `.  ,     DSC,   
     .    . `
 `.
    ,    HP LaserJet 
  ,    - .

 ` `- ,      
         .

 ` `-   .

?BoundingBox
 `BoundingBox `() -  , 
      .    - 
         
     (1/72  ).

 ` `-    ,   `` 
 ``. .  ``.

 `  `-  : ` `, ` ` 
 ``.  ` ` - ` `, GSview 
        ,    
  .       GSview 
   () . `` ,   
  .

 `  `-   ,     
        (1/72 ).

 `  `-    .

 ` `-      .

 ` `-     ,  
        .

W
2
?
  ``   ` `   
  Ghostscript. Gsview     :
 ` Windows GDI`, ` Ghostscript`  `PostScript `.

 ` Windows GDI`  Ghostscript     
    ,     Windows.
    ,       .

 ` Ghostscript`    Ghostscript. 
 ,  ,  Ghostscript     ,  
     .
  .  Ghostscript.

 `PostScript `   Ghostscript   PostScript-.
       .

       .
 ,  ` Ghostscript`  ` `, 
        .  .  
 .

 .  ``  ``.

3 
? 
      .
      ,   .
       10  20,    11-.

  ` `   ,    
 .

   `  `    
  .        
 `DSC`.

         
 `DSC`,      (..   
 ),  ` Windows GDI`  `  DSC`.

3 Windows GDI
? Windows GDI
  Ghostscript    ( ) 
 ,      
  Windows.
      ,   
 .

        .
    ,  ` `.

   `  `     GSview 
  PostScript  PDF     .

  ``   ,     
  Ghostscript.    !

       ,  
 PostScript-    `DSC`.   
  ,      .  
   .

3 Ghostscript
? Ghostscript
?uniprint
   `  Ghostscript`    
 Ghostscript  .
          
 [Devices]  gsview32.ini      Ghostscript
  6.0.
       .

   `  `     GSview 
  PostScript  PDF     .

     Ghostscript   ` `,  
  ``.

  `uniprint`    uniprint   
   (*.upp).
       ` `   ` 
 Ghostscript`.
       uniprint . 
 `Devices.htm`   Ghostscript.

3PostScript 
?PostScript 
   `PostScript `,    
    ,   Ghostscript.
     `` | ` `   ,  
   ,   .

 ,  PostScript-    ,
     Ctrl+D  PostScript-, ,  
     , .
  -      , 
    ,    PostScript.
  ` `  ,     
     Ctrl+D  /  PostScript-.

  PostScript-    
  
        PostScript.
 ,  HP
 LaserJet ( PostScript-)   :

  ^[%-12345X@PJL JOB
  @PJL ENTER LANGUAGE = POSTSCRIPT

   :

  ^[%-12345X@PJL EOJ
  ^[%12345X

         
 PostScript-.

          
 ():

  << /Duplex true /Tumble false >> setpagedevice

     `PDF`,     Ghostscript 
   PostScript-,      .

3 
? 
  `` | ` `     , 
   Windows.
  ,     PostScript- ,  
   ,  Ghostscript.

PX
2
?
?  
? 
?uniprint
  ``   ` `   
  Ghostscript.
  ,  ``    - 
  `PDF`.
   ` `    , 
  
P
 ``.
X
 ,    .
E

    ,     .
  ``, ``  `׸`     .
      ,   `` 
 `׸`      .
   `  `    
  .

P
   `os2prn`    OS/2   
    .
       GSview;   
   .     
  ,   Ghostscript;   
  ,        Ghostscript.
   -dBitsPerPixel=1    .

      Ghostscript    
  .
       ,   ` 
 `,   ` `,    OS/2 `COPY /B
 FILENAME PRN`.

PX
   `PostScript `,    
    ,   Ghostscript.
     `` | ` `   ,  
   ,   .
   `PostScript `,   ``  
   ,        
 PostScript-.

         [Devices] 
P
 gvpm.ini.
X
 ~/.gsview.ini
PX
          
 Ghostscript 6.0.

          `
 `.

     -,    `bmpmono`,
 `bmp16`, `bmp16m`  `bmp256`.

  ` |  `     
P
      Presentation Manager.
X
 .
PX
       PostScript-   
 ,  Ghostscript.

   ,  GSview   PostScript  PDF 
     .  `  `.

  ` `    Ghostscript  
 .

  `uniprint`   `uniprint`   
    (*.upp)   .
      ,       `` 
  ` `.
    `uniprint` .  `Devices.htm`  
 Ghostscript.

    ` `     
     .
       .

    .

  http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/doc/printer.htm

3PostScript 
?PostScript 
?

 ,  PostScript-    ,
     Ctrl+D  PostScript-, ,  
     , .
  -      , 
    ,    PostScript.
    `PostScript `  ,  
   Ctrl+D  /  PostScript-.

  PostScript-     
        PostScript.
 ,  HP
 LaserJet ( PostScript-)   :

  ^[%-12345X@PJL JOB
  @PJL ENTER LANGUAGE = POSTSCRIPT

   :

  ^[%-12345X@PJL EOJ
  ^[%12345X

         
 PostScript-.
E

3
?
  ``      
   Ghostscript.

       .
          
 Ghostscript   .
   X   .
   Y    .

  ``      BitsPerPixel 
         ,  
  PDF.

 ``    .   
 `BitsPerPixel`         
  .

     `OK`   ``,  
   
W
 gsview32.ini.
P
 gvpm.ini.
X
 ~/.gsview.ini.
E

  GSview  `` ,      
   Ghostscript.  ``  ``   
 ``   .
  .   ` `.

4 
? 
       ``.  ,
    ``,   `` 
  , .  Devices.htm   Ghostscript  
  .

       ``.

      ``  ``   
 ``.

      ,  . 
       Ghostscript `-d`, 
  -  `-s`.     ``  ``. 
   `-d=`  `-s=`.
 ``    ``,  ,  
   ` `. ``  ``  
  .

   ,      ``, 
  ``,      ` ` 
  ``.

      INI- GSview.

         
W
 gsview32.ini.
P
 gvpm.ini.
X
 ~/.gsview.ini.
E

         
   `cdjcolor`.
      .
        - ,    
  ``.
   `s`   ,  `d` -  .

  [cdjcolor]
  dBitsPerPixel=24
  dDepletion=1
  dShingling=2
  dBlackCorrect=4

   ,     , 
    ``.

  [cdjcolor values]
  dBitsPerPixel=1,3,8,16,24
  dDepletion=1,2,3
  dShingling=0,1,2
  dBlackCorrect=0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

  , GSview     `[ ]`.

   GSview   Ghostscript   [cdjcolor]
  
W
 gsview32.ini
P
 gvpm.ini
X
 ~/.gsview.ini
E
   :

  -dBitsPerPixel=24 -dDepletion=1 -dShingling=2 -dBlackCorrect=4

    `[ ]`,    
 Ghostscript.

3  
?  
? 
?  
?  
?   
   `  ` ( ), GSview 
       ``   
   PostScript  PDF  .
     PDF-,      
 ,     .

   `   `,   , 
 ,     ,    
 .
  ,       A4   
 letter (    A4    ).

   `  `, GSview    
  ``,    .

2
?
     PostScript  PDF-.

 `` | ``  Ghostscript   PostScript
  PDF  , PostScript  PDF.

 `` | ``     
 PostScript-.

 `` | `PS  EPS`       
  PS  EPS.
     .

 `` | ` EPS `   EPS-  
  .

 `` | `  EPS`  PostScript-   
 DOS'  EPS.

 `` | `   `  pstoedit 
  PostScript  PDF   ,  
 .

 `` | ` `  pstotext    
  PostScript  PDF.

WP
 `` | ``      .
 `` | ` `  DIB- (  ) 
    .
 `` | ` `    
 DIP-       .
E

3 . 
? 
?
     ,   
   GSview  Ghostscript:

   PostScript  PDF.  | ``, 
 pdfwrite, 300dpi.  Ghostscript 5.50    
     .   72dpi,  
  .
 Ghostscript 6.0  .

   PDF  PostScript.  | ``, 
 pswrite, 300dpi.

   PostScript 2-   PostScript 1- .  |
 ``,  psmono, 300dpi.  300dpi 
   .

    .  | ``,  bmp16m,
 72dpi.

WP
     ,   
 (pstoedit).  | `   `   
 PDF,   .
E

    (pstotext).  | ` `.

     EPS-.  | ` EPS `. 
 . ` EPS `.

     EPS-.  | `  EPS` | PostScript.

        .
  | ` `.  ` ` 
 ` `  4.
   , ,        8  
 .

WP
    .  | ``   
  .    BMP-,   | ``,
   ` `...
E

     .

WP
 1.     ,     .

 

 2.
E
   ``   
 bitmap   .

  -dTextAlphaBits=4 -dGraphicsAlphaBits=4

3
?
  `` | ``  Ghostscript  
  PostScript  PDF   PostScript  PDF.

      Ghostscript   .
           
 [Convert] 
W
 gsview32.ini
P
 gvpm.ini
X
 .gsview.ini
E
      Ghostscript  6.01.
       .

   Ghostscript     ` `,  
  ``.

   ,      .
  ``, ``  `׸`    .
      ,  ``  `׸`
      .
         
  ` `.

   GSview,      PostScript  PDF
    , .  `  `.

 .  ``.

3
?
 ``        .
 ,       ,   
  ,     .
     ` `,     
   .

 .  ``.

3PS  EPS
?PS  EPS
?BoundingBox
?
? 
      PostScript-  `EPS`.
    PostScript- , 
   

  %!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0

       `%%BoundingBox`.

  EPS          
    ,      
 :

  %%BoundingBox: llx lly urx ury

  llx, lly, urx  ury -  ,   x  y
        ,
      .

 `    PS  EPS   PostScript- 
   DSC.      
     .`

     PostScript-  `EPS`,  
 ` ` ``.     `DSC`
   ,     `` |
 ``.      `DSC`,  
       .

  `EPS` ` `   :

  banddevice   clear         cleardictstack  copypage
  erasepage    exitserver    framedevice     grestoreall
  initclip     initgraphics  initmatrix      quit
  renderbands  setglobal     setpagedevice   setpageparams
  setshared    startjob      letter          note
  legal        a3            a4              a5

      :

  nulldevice   setgstate     sethalftone    setmatrix
  setscreen    settransfer   setcolortransfer

         ``.

  ,     , 
 `` | ` EPS`,   `` .
  ,        `` 
   Ghostscript  `` | ` `.
       ,     :

  Warning: EPS files must not use ...
  (: EPS-    ...)

      ` ` `PS  EPS`. 
    ` EPS`.

    `PS  EPS`    
 .

     `DSC`  `PS  EPS`  
        
 .

     `DSC`  `PS  EPS`   
  

  %!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0

        
 `%%BoundingBox`.

   `EPS`  `PS  EPS`   
 `%%BoundingBox`.

  `PS  EPS`      
 `%%BoundingBox`.
   ,    PostScript-.
 `PS  EPS`    `DSC`.

    `  `, GSview 
    .    ,  
       , , 
  .

  `PS  EPS`     .
        `` | ` EPS
 `    `EPS`    `%%BoundingBox`.

 .  ` EPS `, ``, ` EPS` 
 ``.

3EPS 
?EPS 
? EPS 
?  EPS
?
  ` EPS `       
   EPS-.
 ` EPS `   EPS-   DOS   
   Windows  TIFF  EPSI-    
 Interchange.
    ` EPS `,   
 .

 1.  ` |   DSC`.

 2. ,      .  
   `` | `  `. 
        `` | `PS  EPS`.

 3.  `` | ``.

 4.  `` | ` `     
 .     , EPS-   
 .

 5.   `` EPS-  .

 6.  ` `| ` EPS `,     
 EPS-. GSview   ,     PostScript
        .
   : `Interchange`, `TIFF 4`, `TIFF 6  `,
 `TIFF 6 packbits`  ` Windows`.
      Interchange,    
  `%%EndComments`,  GSview      .
    Interchange  -.
    TIFF 4  (1   )  ,  
    TIFF 6.0,      
  TIFF 4.
  WordPerfect 5.1     TIFF 4.
    TIFF 6   ,   
 (4  8   )   (24   )  
   TIFF 6.0.
 TIFF 6       `packbits`.
     Windows   .

 7.  `` | ``  `` | ` `  
  .

   PostScript-    EPS-  DOS, 
  `` | ` `,  `` | `  EPS` ,
 , `PostScript`  ``.

 .  `PS  EPS`.

3 
? 
  ` `| ` EPS ` | ` `
    EPS-  DOS     
 .
  ,      EPS  WMF,   
  EPS-  DOS     WMF.
 EPS- ``   ,   
  TIFF  WMF.
     .  ` `
       ` `.

    ,    PostScript-,  
    .

WP
3   
?   
?PStoEdit
   `pstoedit` ( - Wolfgang  Glunz) PostScript  PDF- 
     , 
    .
 `pstoedit`  GNU Public Licence      GSview.
      

  http://www.pstoedit.net/pstoedit

 

  http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/pstoedit.htm

   `pstoedit`  GSview,   ` |
    `.

     .

  -  pstoedit.

   ``.

  ` `   ,  PostScript-
  ,      , , gnuplot.
      .

    `  ISO-Latin1`, pstoedit  
     ISO-Latin1,    HTML 
 MS-Windows.    .
   ,    .

         PostScript,  
    .  ``   
  .     setflat PostScript. 
     ,     .

  ,   PostScript ,   . ,
    ,   dvips.   
 pstoedit    .     Courier. 
  `  .`   .
    : Courier, Helvetica  Times-Roman.

     .  . 
  pstoedit. ,  java   ` `
    java.

   (,    ) 
  ,   ,  ,  
  .

        .

    `pstoedit`   .
     , . ` . `.

  .  pstoedit.

 .  ``.
E

3   
?   
?
? 
?
?
? 
  ,     PostScript  
  .    .    . 
   (,   'fi'   
 ).     PostScript-    
      .
      PostScript-  
    .

 GSview       PostScrip-.

        PostScript.

        pstotext 
 Ghostscript.

 ,  ,   `` | `PStoText`.
 .   .

 .  ``.

4    
?    
  ,  PostScript-      , 
     .   ,   
  .    ,      
  .
         .

  ` `| ` `      
       .
       .
          
 .        
 ps2ascii.ps   Ghostscript   `PStoText`,  
   `WWW`- Ghostscript. `PStoText`    GSview
  `` | `PStoText`.

  `` | ``       ,
   .  ``  ,   
     .
         . 
 ``     ,    ,  
    ,    .    
 .    `these`   `These`,  `The serial`.
        ,   
     PostScript-.
  ``       DSC  
   .

  ` `| ` `     .

4      PStoText
?      PStoText
      pstotext  Ghostscript  
    PostScript.      
 PostScript-   Ghostscript  pstotext  
  .     .    
 ,      .

 pstotext    ISO-Latin1.  . 
 pstotext 

  http://www.research.digital.com/SRC/virtualpaper/pstotext.html

 ``      .

  ` `| ` `      
     .

         ` `| ``.

  ` `| ``      , 
  .        .
       .     
  .
  ` frog` ` frog`,` frogs` ` bullfrogs`.
    '*' (   )  '?' ( ),
            .
      ,  .
     . , `GSview is a`.
    ,       
    .
  ``       DSC  
   .

  ` `| ` `  .

   PostScript-    `` |
 `PStoText` | ``.

  `` | `PStoText` | `Dvips Cork Encoding`   
 PostScript-,   dvips   TeX  LaTeX. 
  `pstotext`   Cork  
 TeX-.  ,  ,   dvips,  ,
   .

3 
? 
?
? 
? 
?
WP
   GSview       `` |
 ``.
       (Device Independent Bitmap, DIB/BMP).

          Ghostscript 
     BMP. . ``.

W
  ` `       
  (   )  BMP-.

  ` `     
  .
          (
 BMP),         .
       ,   
       .
    ,    (
 Windows Paintbrush)        
 .

P
  ` `  ,    
 ,  BMP-.

X
  X11  GSview      .

  `   BMP`  ,   
  ,    Windows.
E

   ` `  ``   
 `PStoText`, GSview     .  
 -    ,
WP
  ``      ,   .
X
    X  .
E
   ,     ` ` 
 ``   `PStoText`.

2
?
? 
          .  
        ` `| ``.

         , 
  ,      .
       .   
 -    .
     , ,   .

        
   PostScript-.
        .
  PostScript    

  90 rotate
  0 -595 translate

   ,    ,   
 ` `  :

  Custom
  initmatrix
  90 rotate
  0 -595 translate
  invertmatrix
  Ok

  CTM (Current Transformation Matrix,  
 )     .    
 ,    .
      ,       
      (, , ).

 .  ` `.

2
?
  ``   :

WP
3 
? 
W
    ,   Ghostscript .
   ,      AFPL Ghostscript 7.04 
  .
  Ghostscript  , . ` Ghostscript`.
    GSview  ` `.

      Ghostscript   
    INI-.
       .
P
         Ghostscript 
    .
E

3 
? 
?DLL Ghostscript
?  Ghostscript
? Ghostscript
X
 ` Ghostscript`  GSview,   Ghostscript .
 5.50    550, 6.50  650.

 `EXE Ghostscript`  GSview,   Ghostscript.
   - `gs`.
WP
 `DLL Ghostscript`  GSview,   Ghostscript.
W
  Win32   -

  c:\gs\gsN.NN\bin\gsdll32.dll
P
  OS/2   -

  c:\gs\gsN.NN\bin\gsdll2.dll
E

          `
  Ghostscript`.    ,  
   Ghostscript (gs_*.ps  Fontmap)    (*.pfb).
 :

P
   c:\gs\gsN.NN\lib;c:\gs\fonts;c:\psfonts
W
   c:\gs\gsN.NN\lib;c:\gs\fonts
X
   /usr/share/ghostscript/6.0;/usr/share/ghostscript/fonts

   - .
E

   `-I`   

  ` Ghostscript`   .
      ` `  MS-Windows,
  `-dNOPLATFONTS`.       
 Fontmap,      -sFONTPATH. ,

   -dNOPLATFONTS -sFONTPATH="c:\psfonts"

      `DLL Ghostscript`, GSview   
 .
      `  Ghostscript`,
 Ghostscript       .

W
   `  `  gsview32.ini 
  printer.ini.

  ` .ps   GSview`  , 
 PostScript-  GSview.

  ` .pdf   GSview`  ,   Portable
 Document Format  GSview.

  `    `   GSview  
 .

         .
           (
  )   GSview.
E

 .  ``.

WP
3
?
    ``     
 .
     ``, ` `  ` `.

          
  .
     MS-Windows 3.0.

 ,    :

 ` `:   PostScript showpage.

 ` `:   .
 ,   ` `,   -   
   `DSC`.

 ` `:     ,    
 .
 ,  `  `     
 `DSC`.

 ` `:  ,    ,    
    .
 ,   `  `,    .

 ``:  .

 ``: GSview .

 ``: GSview .

 ``:    ,    ,   .

    ` `, ``  ``  `
 `,    - ``.
E

3 
? 
  ` `   ,  
       .  
 PostScript (`pt` = 1/72 ),  (`mm`)   (`in`). 
   = 25,4 .    `pt`.

  `  `| `  `,   
 .

 .  ``.

3
?
? 
 GSview   , , , ,
 , , , , ,  
  .
   ,   ` `| ``.

  Windows NT        
  .
          , 
      .

3PStoText
?PStoText
 GSview       .

 `    `    
 PostScript.      .
    `PStoText` | ``.

 `      PStoText`   
 pstotext  Ghostscript        .
    ,        
    pstotext  Ghostscript.
        .
    . ``    
 PostScript-. `Dvips Cork Encoding`    ,
    dvips,   Cork Encoding.

    ``.

3 DSC
? DSC
       `DSC`.
   GSview     `` |
 ` DSC`.
  ` `, GSview  ,   
 .
    ``      
  DSC.
 ``        .
   ``,     ,  
     `DSC`.    ``.

       ,   
  DSC    :
 `Ok`  GSview    ,      
  (  ,   ),
 ``  GSview    ,
 ` DSC `  GSview    DSC.

   ` DSC` |` `, GSview  
 ``.
     DSC    .

3 
? 
? 
?   
?
?INI-
  ` `    GSview,  ,
   , ,    `` 
 ``    
W
 gsview32.ini    Windows (  
  ,     Windows 9x  NT 4).
P
 gvpm.ini    OS/2.
X
 .gsview.ini    .
E
 GSview     .

   `   `, GSview  
     .

3 
? 
    ` `, GSview   Ghostscript
  `-dSAFER`,     deletefile 
 renamefile    ,    .
     .

    ` ` Ghostscript   .

3  
?  
    `  `,   
 GSview     .   
    .
     .

    `  `   
   ,   GSview.

3 
? 
?
    ` `, GSview    
WX
 
P
  
E
 .     .
     
WX
  :
P
  :
E

W
 {bmlwd gvwopen.bmp}
E
 `` | ``

W
 {bmlwd gvwprint.bmp}
E
 `` | ``

W
 {bmlwd gvwinfo.bmp}
E
 `` | ``

W
 {bmlwd gvwhelp.bmp}
E
 `` | ``

W
 {bmlwd gvwgoto.bmp}
E
 `` | `  `

W
 {bmlwd gvwprevs.bmp}
E
 ` 5  `

W
 {bmlwd gvwprev.bmp}
E
 `` | ` `

W
 {bmlwd gvwnext.bmp}
E
 `` | ` `

W
 {bmlwd gvwnexts.bmp}
E
 `  5 `

W
 {bmlwd gvwback.bmp}
E
 `` | ``

W
 {bmlwd gvwfwd.bmp}
E
 `` | ``

W
 {bmlwd gvwmagp.bmp}
E
 `   1,2 `

W
 {bmlwd gvwmagm.bmp}
E
 `   1,2 `

W
 {bmlwd gvwfind.bmp}
E
 ` `| ``

W
 {bmlwd gvwfindn.bmp}
E
 ` `| ` `

     ,    
 ` `.      
 `` | ` `.
    ` ` GSview    .

WP
3   
?   
    `   `,   
   ,      , 
   .
    , GSview    ,   
    .

          
    .       .
  `   ` ,   .

    `   ` GSview   
         - .
  ,    ,      
   .     .

 .  `` | `  `.
E

3 
? 
    ` `, GSview  
  `DSC`-,    ``, ``,
 ` `  ``.

  -`DSC`-,    ` `,
 GSview  `   `.

    ` `   
 `` | ``,     
  ``, ``, ` `  ``.

3 EPS
? EPS
? PDF
    ` EPS`, GSview     
    EPS-   
    ``.       EPS-.
   PDF-, ` EPS`     
   PDF.

    ` EPS` GSview    EPS-
     ``.     .

 ` EPS`   ,      .
      .

 .  ` `| ` EPS `.

3 EPS
? EPS
    ` EPS`, GSview    
 Ghostscript    .    
     ` `| ` `, 
  ,     `EPS`-. 
  :

  Warning: EPS files must not use /initgraphics
  (: EPS-    /initgraphics)

 ` EPS` .      
  .
    ,   `PS  EPS`.

   ` EPS` ``.

 .  `PS  EPS`.

3  DSC
?  DSC
       
   Adobe.      
  GSview   ,      
 .   `  DSC` ``, GSview 
           
  .

    `  DSC`  ``.

3  
?  
    ,     
 ,   .
     ,      .
        
 `DSC` (    ,     ).

    `  `  ``.

2 
? 
?
?
?
? 
? 
? 
  ``, ``, ` `  ` `  
 ``     .
 ``     90 .
 ` ` -   90    .
             
 .

      ``      `DSC`
    (%%Orientation  %%PageOrientation),  
   .

    ` `, GSview   
 ``  ` `.
   ,   ,   
    90    .
 ,   ,     
 -.
  ` `  GSview    
       `%%Orientation` 
 PostScript-.

 .  ` `  ` `.

2 
? 
?
?
? 
?
?
? 
? 
? 
        `` |
 ` `.

  ``       .
     VGA    96   .
        .

    `DSC`     
    ,    .
        .
  ``        .

  ` `    , 
   .
         .
     ,     
 ,      .

  ` `     . 
    4.   , 
   1.

W
 ` `:    ` `, GSview
   ` `,    

  -dNOPLATFONTS

    Ghostscript   `` | ` `.
E

  ` `     , 
  ,      .

    .
    ,     
    8   .

P
     OS/2   .
       API GpiDrawBits().
   ` `    
 GpiDrawBits()   ,   VGA (4   )
        WinDrawBitmap.

         (   
 )     SYS3175 (   ),
     , GpiDrawBits  WinDrawBitmap.

         ,  
 .

       ,  SDD
 (Scitech Display Doctor).

  http://www.scitechsoft.com/products/enterprise/sdd_home.html
E

3
?
   -  ,    
        .
       ,   
   ` `.
       .
   ,        
  ,    (, ``,
 ` `).
       300   ,   
     `` | ` `.

     `DSC`-.

         `` 
   `` | ` `     .

2 
? 
?
?
? 
  ``    .
   :

  11x17            11 x 17   
  A0              840 x 1189 
  A1              594 x 840  
  A2              420 x 594  
  A3              297 x 420  
  A4              210 x 297  
  A5              148 x 210  
  B4              257 x 364  
  B5              182 x 257  
  Ledger           17 x 11   
  Letter          8.5 x 11   
  Legal           8.5 x 14   
  Note            8.5 x 11   

  ``       PostScript (1/72
 ).   480x360    96 dpi   
 640x480 .

    `DSC` 

  %%DocumentPaperSizes: a4
  %%DocumentMedia: a4 595 842 80 white ( )

     .
  ,          ,
    ``.

    ` `,      .
     .
     ,    .
  `A4`  ` `    ``  
 842x595 .
     ` `    
 ``.

2
?
     GSview.

X
 `:       X11.`
E

 `O`, `o`     .  (`` | ``)

 `C`, `c`   .  (`` | ``)

 `N`, `n`, `+`   .  (`` | ` `)

         .  (`` | `   `)

 `V`, `v`, `-`   .  (`` | ` `)

 BackSpace     .  (`` | `   `)

 `G`, `g`    .  (`` | `  `)

 `I`, `i`    .  (`` | ``)

 `R`, `r`, `F5`   .  (`` | ``)

 `S`, `s`   : ,   .  (`` | ` `)

 `A`, `a`   . (`` | ` `)

 `P`, `p`      . (`` | ``)

 `F`, `f`        PDF  -.
 (`` | ``).

 `E`, `e`       . (`` | ``)

 `M`, `m`    Ghostscript.  (`` | ` `)

 `<`    1,2 

 `>`    1,2 

 `F1`  .  (`` | ``)

 `Ctrl+C`, `Ctrl+Insert`       .
 (`` | ``)

 `Ctrl+F`,  . (`` | ``)

 `F3`,  . (`` | ` `)

 `F4`     .  (`` | ` `)

 `F6`     .  (`` | `  `)

 ` `    1/16 .

 `Ctrl +  `     .

P
 `Ctrl+Page Up`      .

 `Ctrl+Page Down`      .
E

 `Page Up`      .

 `Page Down`      .

 `Home`      .

 `End`      .

2  
?  
 GSview     :
 -p   ,   -P.  Windows  OS/2   /p
  /P.      `gsview`  `gsview32` 
 Windows  `gvpm`  OS/2.

 :
  gsview [-d] [-t] [-f[]] [-p[]]
    [-m_] [-o] [-rXDPIxYDPI]
    [-geometry WIDTHxHEIGHT[+XOFF+YOFF]] _

 :

 `_`   GSview    _.ps:

  gsview _.ps

 `-p`   _.ps   Ghostscript.
    `` | ``,   ,   
    (  ,   
    ,     )   
 GSview :

  gsview -p _.ps

 `-f`  PostScript- ( PDF) _.ps    
 Ghostscript (`` | ``):

  gsview -f _.ps

 `-m`_   .    
    ``.

 `-o`         `auto`
 (``), `portrait` (``), `landscape` (``), `upsidedown`
 (` `) or `seascape` (` `).

 `-r`XDPIxYDPI   ,   .

      A4     96 dpi:

  gsview -ma4 -olandscape -r96x96 _.ps

 `-d`  .
    GSview ``    .
  ,     GSview   
  .
  ,         `` |
 ` `.
      
WP
 c:\gsview.txt
X
  
E
  -d9

 `-t`  (multi-threading).   GSview , 
  Windows 3.1/Win32s.
  ,  `-t`.   ,
  `-t0`,   - `-t1`.

W
  Windows     .

 `-s`     ,  Ghostscript.
  , GSview  .
  :

  gsview -s _.ps
  gsview -sLPT3: _.ps
  gsview "-sHP DeskJet Portable" _.ps

 `-e`  `DDE` (   )  
     GSview,   GSview   ,   .

  gsview -e _

 `-x`  DDE    GSview.

  gsview -x

X
  GNU/Linux  :

  gsview -v     (   )
  gsview -h     (  )
E

W
3  
?  
?DDE
 GSview  DDE , service="GSview"  topic="GSview".
  XTYP_EXECUTE,  :

  [FileOpen("filename")]
  [FileExit()]
  [NextPage()]
  [PrevPage()]
  [GoBack()]
  [GotoPage(5)]
  [ShowWindow(nCmdShow)]
  [Command("command line")]

  [Command()]   "filename"  "/P filename".

     . GSview     , 
    GSview ,   
       .   
  ,        .

     ,     DDE 
     GSview.

    /E  [Command("command line")][ShowWindow(1)].

    /X  [FileExit()].
E

2World Wide Web
?World Wide Web
? 
?
?WWW
?HTML
   Ghostscript, Ghostview  GSview   

  http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/

 GSview   -  

  http://www.ghostgum.com.au/

 GSview      PostScript-  
    OS/2  MS-Windows.  .  
  GSview.

 Thomas Merz    Ghostscript,    
 `PDF`-     WWW.   -   
  `PostScript and Acrobat/PDF` (     ).

2Copyright
?Copyright
? 
   ` `      
 GSview   .

W
  GSVIEW.EXE -   Ghostscript
P
  GVPM.EXE -   Ghostscript
X
  gsview -   Ghostscript
E
  Copyright (C) 1993-2002, Ghostgum Software Pty Ltd.  All rights reserved.

     GSview.

      .
  ,      
            ,
    .   . 
 GSview Free Public Licence ( '').

   GSview    , 
       LICENCE.
     ,   
 GSview,    ,   .  
 ,  ,      
     .

     : Russell Lang, Ghostgum Software Pty Ltd
  : gsview@ghostgum.com.au

  ,    ,    `
 `,  Readme.htm GSview   `WWW`-.

 GSview  pstotext   DLL. pstotext  Andrew Birrell 
 Paul McJones.  :

  Copyright (C) 1995-1996, Digital Equipment Corporation.

    .  pstotext.txt  pstotext.zip.
       ,  pstotext.zip,
 pstotxt2.dll  pstotxt3.dll.

2 
? 
?
?
WP
 `:`   DLL Ghostscript ...

  GSview  DLL Ghostscript
 (gsdll2.dll  OS/2, gsdll32.dll  Win32).
    ,      Ghostscript, 
 GSview    .

   GSview  `` | ` `  
    `DLL Ghostscript`. ,

P
  c:\gs\gsN.NN\bin\gsdll2.dll
W
  c:\gs\gsN.NN\bin\gsdll32.dll
WP

  ,     - ,
  Ghostscript    
   (., gs_init.ps).  
 `  Ghostscript`.

W
    Win32s ,  DLL Ghostscript    
 GSview.  Win32s       DLL
 Ghostscript.

WP
    -    GSview  DLL Ghostscript,
 ,       Ghostscript  
 .

 `:`    Ghostscript  
 `Can't find initialization file gs_init.ps`.
 (`     gs_init.ps`).

  `  Ghostscript` ,    
 ,   gs_init.ps.

 `:`    Ghostscript  
 `gs: Interpreter revision (XXX) does not match gs_init.ps revision (YYY)`.
 (`gs:   (XXX)     gs_init.ps (YYY)`).

  `  Ghostscript` ,    
 ,   gs_init.ps.
    PostScript-     
 Ghostscript (- ,    ` 
 Ghostscript`,     gs_init.ps).

 `:`    Ghostscript  
 `Wrong version of DLL found.  Found version XXX  Need version YYY`.
 (`   DLL.   XXX,  YYY`).

 GSview    DLL Ghostscript.  
 . ,       DLL Ghostscript.
E

 `:` GSview ,    
 MS-Windows  0 ,     .

   -      DSC.
    `Encapsulated PostScript File`  
  .    ,   
  ` Adobe Document Structuring Convention`.

  DSC `%%Pages: 0` ,     .
 ..  PostScript `showpage`  .   
  PostScript-,    `%%Pages: 0`,
      `%!PS-Adobe-`  `%!`. GSview 
  DSC     ,    
 .    ,    PostScript-.

    PostScript     
 .   PostScript    , , GSview
     .      ,
     
  `Apple LaserWriter II NT`
   PostScript  2  `Apple LaserWriter Plus`  
  1.

  Windows 95   ,   PostScript 
  `  PostScript` = `PostScript ( - ADSC)`.

 `:` GSview  "  - ..."

      DSC `%%PageOrder: Special`, 
 ,      .   
 GSview     ,     .
       ,   
 PostScript.     -  PostScript 
   .

   Windows 95      . 
  ,   ,   PostScript 
   `  PostScript` = `PostScript ( -
 ADSC)`.

 `:` PostScript-,  MS-Windows,   Control-D.

  Windows 3.1:

      ,   
 ` Document Structuring Convention`,    
      PostScript MS-Windows.
      PRINTERS.WRI MS-Windows.
   win.ini    PostScript-.
    .      `CTRLD=0`,  
  .

  [Apple LaserWriter II NT,FILE]
  CTRLD=0

  Windows 95:

  PostScript-      ^D  
  (, PostScript, ).
  ,    ,  ^D    .

 `:` PostScript-  Word  Windows 6.0  
   "Missing %%Pages comment" (" 
 %%Pages").

 .        DSC  
 Word- EPS-. Word      

  %%BeginDocument: filename.eps
  %%EndDocument

   Word   , GSview   ,  
  ,    .

   Microsoft.    EPSIMP.FLT  2.01  ,
  Microsoft  .

    ,    :

 1.  `` | `  DSC`

 2.   DSC  PostScript-.
     PostScript-, 

   %MSEPS Preamble

        EPS-,  
   

  %!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0

     

  %%BeginDocument: AddedByHand

   

  %MSEPS Trailer

     

  %%EndDocument

   GSview    .

 ``: GSview     DSC  , 
  Adobe PostScript 4.10  32- Windows.

    Tagged binary communications.
     " |  PostScript |
 ... |    |  ASCII"

 ``:       
  `Unrecoverable error: configurationerror in setpagedevice`
  Failed to open device or install ViewerPreProcess hook: returns -26
  Page size may have been too large or resolution too high.
  Resetting page size and resolution

  (` : configurationerror  setpagedevice`
         ViewerPreProcess:  -26
          .
       )

 ,     ,     
   , ,      
 .
     Ghostscript GS_OPTIONS  
 `-dFIXEDMEDIA`.   GSview    
 GS_OPTIONS,     `` | ` `
 | ` Ghostscript`.

 ``: GSview ,       .

        .
       96 dpi  `` |
 ` `.
      ``.

W
2  
?  
?RedMon
?PrintFile
 `RedMon` -     Windows 95  NT,  
      .
 RedMon    Ghostscript  -PostScript- ,
   PostScript-.      , 
      PostScript-.  .

  http://www.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/redmon/

 RedMon          
  Windows.

 `PrintFile` ( Peter Lerup) -   Windows  
   .    (, PostScript  )
  -.   :

   http://hem1.passagen.se/ptlerup/

  , . `WWW`  Ghostscript.
E

2  
?  
        ``  
 .

3 
? 
   PostScript- GSview  Ghostscript.
  ` `     Ghostscript  
 ,    PostScript.
 ,     ,   
   .

    ` `     .
      ,       
 .      .

     ,     
 ` `,     ` `.

WX
3bzip2
?bzip2
    ,  bzip2, GSview   
 DLL bzip2     .

W
     `   bzip2 DLL...`, ,  
  .
 DLL    

  ftp://mirror.cs.wisc.edu/pub/mirrors/ghost/ghostgum/

      GSview. libbz2.dll   Win32. 
   DLL bzip2  Win16  OS/2 .
X
     `   bzip2 DLL...`, ,  
   libbz2.so.
WX

 bzip2 is Copyright 1996-2000 by Julian Seward

      

  http://sourceware.cygnus.com/bzip2/index.html
E

3zlib
?zlib
?gzip
      gzip, GSview   DLL zlib 
    .

WP
     `   zlib DLL...`, ,  
  .
     GSview   

  ftp://mirror.cs.wisc.edu/pub/mirrors/ghost/ghostgum/

      GSview.
 zlib16.dll   Win16.  zlib32.dll -  Win32.
 zlib2.dll -  OS/2.
X
     `   zlib DLL...`, ,  
   libz.so.
E

 zlib is Copyright 1995-1996 by Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler.

      

  http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/zlib/

WP
3 
? 
 GSview   DLL AFPL Ghostscript  
 PostScript-.

  Win32s DLL GS      . 
 Windows 95, NT  OS/2     
  (    ).    Win32s
 GSview   DLL GS      gvwgs.exe,
    .

 gsv16spl.exe  16-   Windows,  GSview
        Win32s. gsv16spl 
  ,    GSview.  
   Windows 95  NT.

 gvwgs32.exe (Windows)  gvpgs.exe (OS/2) -  DLL GS  . 
     , , ..    
   ,   gswin32.exe (Win32), gswin32c.exe
 ( Win32)  gsos2.exe (OS/2).
E
