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#X floatatom 178 76 0 0 0 0 - - -;
#X floatatom 106 111 0 0 0 0 - - -;
#X obj 106 191 +~;
#N canvas 0 0 450 300 (subpatch) 0;
#X array fm-output 441 float 0;
#X coords 0 1.02 440 -1.02 150 97 1;
#X restore 289 57 graph;
#X msg 181 241 bang;
#X text 217 241 <-- click to graph;
#X obj 181 265 tabwrite~ fm-output;
#X floatatom 193 131 0 0 0 0 - - -;
#X text 102 72 carrier;
#X text 102 86 frequency;
#X text 163 52 frequency;
#X text 163 38 modulation;
#X obj 105 235 osc~;
#X text 14 220 "carrier";
#X text 15 235 oscillator -->;
#X text 14 160 add modulator;
#X text 13 175 to carrier;
#X text 11 190 frequency -->;
#X text 220 138 index;
#X text 219 124 modulation;
#X obj 178 101 osc~;
#X text 19 426 To get the FM sound \, set all three of carrier frequency
\, modulation frequency \, and modulation index in the hundreds. Note
that you get a timbral change as you sweep modulation index \, because
this changes the amplitudes of the components of the output sound but
not their frequencies.;
#X obj 104 273 output~;
#X text 19 332 This patch shows the classical FM synthesis technique
developed by John Chowning. It's nothing but an oscillator with vibrato
controlled by another "modulation" oscillator. First \, to understand
the patch \, set carrier frequency to 400 or so \, modulation frequency
between 5 and 10 \, and try modulation index values between 0 and 400
\, say. You'll hear a sine wave with vibrato.;
#X text 19 493 The component frequencies are equal to the carrier frequency
\, plus or minus multiples of the modulator frequency. A more complete
discussion of FM occurs in part 5 of this series.;
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;
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#X text 12 125 WEBSITE http://crca.ucsd.edu/~msp/;
#X text 12 105 AUTHOR Miller Puckette;
#X text 12 85 LIBRARY PDDP;
#X text 12 5 GENRE tutorial;
#X text 12 45 LICENSE SIBSD;
#X text 12 145 HELP_PATCH_AUTHORS Updated for release 0.37. Jonathan
Wilkes revised the patch to conform to the PDDP template for Pd version
0.42.;
#X text 12 65 DESCRIPTION frequency modulation using two oscillators
;
#X text 12 25 KEYWORDS signal;
#X restore 392 561 pd META;
#N canvas 13 202 428 190 References 0;
#X obj 1 1 cnv 15 425 20 empty \$0-pddp.cnv.subheading empty 3 12 0
14 -261139 -33289 0;
#X text 7 2 frequency modulation- Related Help Documents;
#X text 19 37 Refer to the other audio examples that deal with frequency
modulation.;
#X restore 103 561 pd References;
#X text 289 154 ----- 0.01 seconds -----;
#X obj 6 561 pddp/pddplink ../5.reference/pddp/help.pd -text help;
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